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Jonathan Isaiah

About this book
Chapter 48

1 Hear this, O house of Jacob, who are called by the name of Israel and have come forth from the stock of Judah, with whom He made a covenant in the name of the LORD, the God of Israel, that the remembrance of them should not cease. Will not His Memra stand in truth and righteousness? 2 For their portion is in the holy city, and their confidence is in the God of Israel; the LORD of hosts is His name. 3 I declared the former things from the beginning; they have gone forth from my Memra, and I announced them; suddenly I will do them, and they will come to pass. 4 I knew that you would be a rebel, and your neck would be as hard as iron, and your brow strong as brass. 5 Therefore I declared these things to you from the beginning; before they came to pass I announced them to you, so that you would not say, “My idol has done them, and my molten image has prepared them.” 6 Have you heard whether that which was revealed to you was ever revealed to any people? And as for you, will you not declare it? I have shown you new things from this time, and hidden things that you did not know. 7 They are created now, and not of old; and before the day of their coming to pass I have not announced them, so that you would not say, “See, I knew them.” 8 You did not listen to the words of the prophets; you did not accept the instruction of the Torah; you did not incline your ear to receive the words of the blessings and curses of my covenant, which I made with you at Horeb; for it was manifest to me that you would deal utterly falsely, and would be called a rebel from the womb. 9 For my name’s sake I will defer my anger, and for my praise I will spare you, so as not to destroy you. 10 I have refined you, but not in the crucible of silver; I tested you in the distress of poverty. 11 For my name’s sake, for the sake of my Memra, that it may not be profaned, I will do it, and my glory, in which I have revealed myself to you, I will not give to another people.⁠ 12 Listen to my Memra, you who are of the house of Jacob and Israel, my called: I am He who was of old; yes, ages upon ages are mine, and besides me there is no God. 13 Yes, by my Memra I laid the foundation of the earth, and by my might I suspended the heavens; when I call to them, they stand up together. 14 All of you, assemble yourselves and hear: who among them has declared these things? Ever since the LORD loved Israel, He will do His pleasure on Babylon, and He will reveal the strength of His arm on the Chaldeans. 15 I, by my Memra, made a covenant with Abraham your father; yes, I called him, I brought him into the land of the place of my Shekinah, and I prospered his way. 16 Come near to my Memra; hear this; I have not spoken in secret from the beginning; at the time when the nations separated themselves from fearing me, at that time I brought Abraham your father to my service. The prophet says, “And now the Lord GOD, and His Memra, has sent me.” 17 Thus says the LORD, your Redeemer, the Holy One of Israel, “I am the LORD your God, who teaches you what will profit you, who leads you in the way you should walk. 18 If you had listened to my commandments, your peace would surely have been like the overflowing of the river Euphrates, and your righteousness like the waves of the sea. 19 Your seed would surely have been as numerous as the sand, and your children’s children as its grains; the name of Israel would not have ceased nor been destroyed from before me forever.” 20 Go forth from Babylon, flee from the province of the land of the Chaldeans; declare with a voice of singing, bring the joyful tidings of this, bring it to the ends of the earth; say, “The LORD has redeemed His servants of the house of Jacob.” 21 He will not let them thirst in the desert; He will guide them; He will cause water to flow for them from the rock; yes, He will cleave the rock, and the waters will gush out. 22 There is no peace, says the LORD, for the wicked.

Texts in conversation

Compare 3 John 1:7 and Jonathan Isaiah 48:11

New Testament · Targum

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Summary

Isaiah 48 describes God protecting his honor and the Aramaic translation in the Targum adds that He does so for his honor and his “Memra.” This is similar to 3 John, where people go out for “the Name,” suggesting influence by a similar Aramaic tradition.

Passages

3 John 1:7

New Testament
5 Dear friend, you demonstrate faithfulness by whatever you do for the brothers (even though they are strangers). 6 They have testified to your love before the church. You will do well to send them on their way in a manner worthy of God. 7 For they have gone forth on behalf of “The Name,” accepting nothing from the pagans. 8 Therefore we ought to support such people so that we become coworkers in cooperation with the truth. 9 I wrote something to the church, but Diotrephes, who loves to be first among them, does not acknowledge us. 10 Therefore, if I come, I will call attention to the deeds he is doing—the bringing of unjustified charges against us with evil words! And not being content with that, he not only refuses to welcome the brothers himself, but hinders the people who want to do so and throws them out of the church!
100 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 3 John

Jonathan Isaiah 48:11

Targum
10 I have refined you, but not in the crucible of silver; I tested you in the distress of poverty. 11 For my name’s sake, for the sake of my Memra, that it may not be profaned, I will do it, and my glory, in which I have revealed myself to you, I will not give to another people. 12 Listen to my Memra, you who are of the house of Jacob and Israel, my called: I am He who was of old; yes, ages upon ages are mine, and besides me there is no God. 13 Yes, by my Memra I laid the foundation of the earth, and by my might I suspended the heavens; when I call to them, they stand up together.
200–300 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Jonathan Isaiah

References

"... In 3 John 1:7 John refers to those who ‘went out [on Christian ministry] for the sake of the Name.’’ One might take ‘the Name’ here as Brown took it in 1 John 2:12, as a reference to the name of God, as in Leviticus 24:11 (‘he blasphemed the Name’). We saw in the previous section that Christ’s name is ‘the Word of God’ (Revelation 19:13), and we saw the appropriateness of seeing this name as the Tetragrammaton used of the Son, since in the Targums ‘‘the Word of the LORD’’ stands hundreds of times for the Masoretic text ‘‘YHWH,’’ including contexts of divine warfare. A close connection between God’s name and his divine Word is also implied in Targum Isaiah 48:11, where the Masoretic text ‘For my own sake, for my own sake’ is rendered ‘For my name’s sake, for my Memra’s sake I will act, that nothing should be profaned.’ One could easily conclude, then, that when John says Christian workers ‘went out for the sake of the Name,’ the name is the Tetragrammaton, and the assumption is that this is Christ’s name, just as in Revelation 19:13 ..."
John L. Ronning, “The Targum of Isaiah and the Johannine Literature,” WTJ 69 (2007): 247–278.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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3 John 1:7 and Jonathan Isaiah 48:11

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