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Jonathan Isaiah

About this book
Chapter 26

1 At that time they will sing a new song in the land of the house of Judah, “We have a strong city; salvation and mercy will be established upon her walls. 2 Open the gates, and let the righteous nation enter, who have kept the Torah with a perfect heart. 3 With a perfect heart they will keep peace; peace will be made for them, because they have trusted in Your Memra. 4 Trust in the Memra of the LORD forever and ever; for by the Memra you will be saved, who is the fear of the LORD, the mighty One to eternity. 5 For He will bring low the inhabitants of the high and strong city; He will bring her down, He will cast her to the ground, He will bring her down to the dust. 6 The feet will trample her down, the feet of the just, the soles of the feet of the poor, of the needy of the people. 7 The paths of the righteous are straight; You will establish the works of the ways of the just. 8 For the way of Your judgments, O LORD, we have hoped; to Your name and to the remembrance of You is the desire of our soul. 9 My soul desires to pray before You in the night; my spirit within me blesses You; for when Your judgments are prepared for the earth, those who dwell in the world will be taught to practice truth. 10 You have granted the wicked a reprieve, so that they might truly return to the Torah;⁠ but they did not return, all the days that they lived; they were to practice truth in the earth, but they dealt falsely; they will not regard the praise of Your glory, O LORD! 11 O LORD, when You are revealed in Your power to do good to those who fear You, there will be no light for the enemies of Your people; the wicked will see it and be put to shame. The vengeance of Your people will cover them; fire will consume Your enemies. 12 O LORD, You will ordain peace for us; for at all times, when we restrained ourselves from our sins, You were working for us. 13 O LORD our God, the nations have had dominion over us, being lords over us besides You; but we trust in Your Memra, we praise Your name. 14 They worship idols that do not live, their heroes who will not rise; therefore, when You visit their sins, You will make an end of them and make every memory of them perish. 15 You will reveal Yourself to gather the dispersed of Your people; You will bring back their captives. You will reveal Yourself in Your power to cast all the wicked into hell. 16 O LORD, in distress they remembered Your fear; in their trouble they were earnestly learning the teaching of Your Torah. 17 Like a woman with child who draws near the time of her delivery, who trembles and cries out in her pangs, so have we been, because we have sinned before You. 18 Distress swift as the wind has seized us, like a woman with child who draws near the time of her delivery; the inhabitants of the world have not brought deliverance; they have not tilled the earth, nor have they been able to perform any miracles. 19 You are He who makes the dead live; the bones of their dead bodies You will raise up. They will live and offer praise before You, all who were cast into the dust, because Your dew is the dew of light to those who keep Your Torah; but You will deliver the wicked into hell, to whom You had given power, because they have transgressed against Your Memra.” 20 Come, my people, produce for yourself good works that will protect you in the time of distress; hide yourself for a little moment, as it were, until the curse has passed away. 21 For the LORD is revealing Himself from the place of His Shekinah, to punish the inhabitants of the earth for their sins; and the earth will disclose the innocent blood that was shed in her, and will no longer cover her slain.

Texts in conversation

Compare 2 Peter 3:9 and Jonathan Isaiah 26:10

New Testament · Targum

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Summary

2 Peter teaches that God’s patience gives time for people to repent, similar to the Aramaic translation of Isaiah in the Targum, where the unrighteous are given time to return to the Torah. Both likely draw on a shared Aramaic tradition.

Passages

2 Peter 3:9

New Testament
8 Now, dear friends, do not let this one thing escape your notice, that a single day is like a thousand years with the Lord and a thousand years are like a single day. 9 The Lord is not slow concerning his promise, as some regard slowness, but is being patient toward you because he does not wish for any to perish but for all to come to repentance. 10 But the day of the Lord will come like a thief; when it comes, the heavens will disappear with a horrific noise, and the celestial bodies will melt away in a blaze, and the earth and every deed done on it will be laid bare. 11 Since all these things are to melt away in this manner, what sort of people must you be, conducting your lives in holiness and godliness, 12 while waiting for and hastening the coming of the day of God? Because of this day, the heavens will be burned up and dissolve, and the celestial bodies will melt away in a blaze! 13 But, according to his promise, we are waiting for new heavens and a new earth, in which righteousness truly resides.
120–130 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 2 Peter

Jonathan Isaiah 26:10

Targum
9 My soul desires to pray before You in the night; my spirit within me blesses You; for when Your judgments are prepared for the earth, those who dwell in the world will be taught to practice truth. 10 You have granted the wicked a reprieve, so that they might truly return to the Torah; but they did not return, all the days that they lived; they were to practice truth in the earth, but they dealt falsely; they will not regard the praise of Your glory, O LORD! 11 O LORD, when You are revealed in Your power to do good to those who fear You, there will be no light for the enemies of Your people; the wicked will see it and be put to shame. The vengeance of Your people will cover them; fire will consume Your enemies. 12 O LORD, You will ordain peace for us; for at all times, when we restrained ourselves from our sins, You were working for us. 13 O LORD our God, the nations have had dominion over us, being lords over us besides You; but we trust in Your Memra, we praise Your name.
200–300 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Jonathan Isaiah

References

"... The Targumim participate in a cosmology that reflects convictions of how eschatological reward and punishment are to be worked out. It is unlikely that the targumic scheme is original; more probably, it reflects widespread expectations. But sometimes the Targumim illuminate otherwise esoteric statements within the New Testament. Isaiah Targum 63:6 specifies the “lower earth” as the place to which God will cast the “mighty men” of his enemies. A similar phrase is used in Ephesians 4:9 in order to refer to Christ’s descent to the dead. Divine anger is invoked in the Isaiah Targum 3:16-24 against women who adorn themselves — especially their hair — in an exaggerated fashion, and that invites comparison with 1 Timothy 2:9 and 1 Peter 3:3. God’s anger is understood to “whiten” (Targum Malachi 3:2) in a way that may illuminate passages such as Mark 9:3 and Revelation 7:14 ..."
Paul V. M. Flesher and Bruce D. Chilton, The Targums: A Critical Introduction, SAIS 12 (Waco, TX: Baylor University Press, 2011), 401–402.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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2 Peter 3:9 and Jonathan Isaiah 26:10

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