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Jonah

About this book
Chapter 3

1 The Lord’s message came to Jonah a second time, 2 “Go immediately to Nineveh, that large city, and proclaim to it the message that I tell you.”⁠ 3 So Jonah went immediately to Nineveh, in keeping with the Lord’s message. Now Nineveh was an enormous city—it required three days to walk through it! 4 Jonah began to enter the city by going one day’s walk, announcing, “At the end of 40 days, Nineveh will be overthrown!”⁠ 5 The people of Nineveh believed in God, and they declared a fast and put on sackcloth, from the greatest to the least of them.⁠ 6 When the news reached the king of Nineveh, he got up from his throne, took off his royal robe, put on sackcloth, and sat on ashes. 7 He issued a proclamation and said, “In Nineveh, by the decree of the king and his nobles: No human or animal, cattle or sheep, is to taste anything; they must not eat and they must not drink water. 8 Every person and animal must put on sackcloth and must cry earnestly to God, and everyone must turn from their evil way of living and from the violence that they do.⁠ 9 Who knows? Perhaps God might be willing to change his mind and relent and turn from his fierce anger so that we might not die.”⁠ 10 When God saw their actions—that they turned from their evil way of living—God relented concerning the judgment he had threatened them⁠ with and did not destroy them.⁠

Texts in conversation

Compare Jonah 3:5 and Clement of Rome, 1 Clement 7:7

Hebrew Bible · Early Christian

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Summary

In Jonah, the people of Nineveh hear the prophet’s warning and repent in sackcloth. 1 Clement points back to this moment as proof that God grants repentance to outsiders, naming Jonah and Noah as great preachers of repentance.

Passages

Jonah 3:5

Hebrew Bible
4 Jonah began to enter the city by going one day’s walk, announcing, “At the end of 40 days, Nineveh will be overthrown!” 5 The people of Nineveh believed in God, and they declared a fast and put on sackcloth, from the greatest to the least of them. 6 When the news reached the king of Nineveh, he got up from his throne, took off his royal robe, put on sackcloth, and sat on ashes.
300–201 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Jonah

Clement of Rome, 1 Clement 7:7

Early Christian · First Epistle of Clement to the Corinthians
5 Let us look back at all the generations in turn and learn how, from age to age, the Master has given a place for repentance to those who desire to turn to Him. 6 Noah preached repentance, and those who obeyed were saved. 7 Jonah preached destruction to the people of Nineveh, but they repented of their sins, obtained pardon from God through their supplications, and received salvation, even though they were strangers to Him.
90–100 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Clement of Rome, 1 Clement

References

... Let us fix our eyes on the blood of Christ, and let us know that it is precious to his Father, because it was poured out for our salvation, and brought the grace of repentance to all the world. Let us review all the generations, and let us learn that in generation after generation the Master has given a place of repentance to those who will turn to him. Noah preached repentance and those who obeyed Noah were saved. Jonah foretold destruction to the men of Nineveh, but when they repented they received forgiveness of their sins from God in answer to their prayer, and gained salvation, though they were aliens to God. The ministers of the grace of God spoke through the Holy Spirit concerning repentance, and even the Master of the universe of himself spoke with an oath concerning repentance ...
Kirsopp Lake, The Apostolic Fathers, Volume I: 1 Clement. 2 Clement. Ignatius. Polycarp. Didache (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1912), 21.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Jonah 3:5 and Clement of Rome, 1 Clement 7:7

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