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Joel

About this book
Chapter 1

1 This is the Lord’s message that came to Joel the son of Pethuel: 2 Listen to this, you elders; pay attention, all inhabitants of the land. Has anything like this ever happened in your whole life or in the lifetime of your ancestors? 3 Tell your children about it; have your children tell their children, and their children the following generation.⁠ 4 What the gazam-locust left the ‘arbeh-locust consumed; what the ‘arbeh-locust left the yeleq-locust consumed, and what the yeleq-locust left the hasil-locust consumed. 5 Wake up, you drunkards, and weep! Wail, all you wine drinkers, because the sweet wine has been taken away from you.⁠ 6 For a nation has invaded my land, mighty and without number. Their teeth are lion’s teeth; they have the fangs of a lioness. 7 They have destroyed my vines; they have turned my fig trees into mere splinters. They have completely stripped off the bark and thrown it aside; the twigs are stripped bare. 8 Wail like a young virgin clothed in sackcloth, lamenting the death of her husband to be.⁠ 9 No one brings grain offerings or drink offerings to the temple of the Lord anymore. So the priests, those who serve the Lord, are in mourning. 10 The crops of the fields have been destroyed. The ground is in mourning because the grain has perished. The fresh wine has dried up; the olive oil languishes. 11 Be distressed, farmers; wail, vinedressers, over the wheat and the barley. For the harvest of the field has perished. 12 The vine has dried up; the fig tree languishes—the pomegranate, date, and apple as well.⁠ In fact, all the trees of the field have dried up. Indeed, the joy of the people has dried up! 13 Get dressed and lament, you priests. Wail, you who minister at the altar. Come, spend the night in sackcloth, you servants of my God, because no one brings grain offerings or drink offerings to the temple of your God anymore. 14 Announce a holy fast; proclaim a sacred assembly. Gather the elders and all the inhabitants of the land to the temple of the Lord your God, and cry out to the Lord. 15 How awful that day will be! For the day of the Lord is near; it will come as destruction from the Divine Destroyer. 16 Our food has been cut off right before our eyes! There is no longer any joy or gladness in the temple of our God. 17 The grains of seed have shriveled beneath their shovels.⁠ Storehouses have been decimated, and granaries have been torn down because the grain has dried up. 18 Listen to the cattle groan! The herds of livestock wander around in confusion because they have no pasture. Even the flocks of sheep are suffering. 19 To you, O Lord, I call out for help, for fire has burned up the pastures of the wilderness, flames have razed all the trees in the fields. 20 Even the wild animals long for you53,⁠ for the river beds have dried up; fire has destroyed the pastures of the wilderness.

Texts in conversation

Compare Joel 1:17 and LXX Joel 1:17

Hebrew Bible · Septuagint

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Summary

The Hebrew version of Joel describes seeds shriveling in the dry soil during famine. The Greek Septuagint, trying to translate rare and obscure Hebrew words, interpreted animals in the scene instead, with cattle startled at their empty feeding troughs.

Passages

Joel 1:17

Hebrew Bible
16 Our food has been cut off right before our eyes! There is no longer any joy or gladness in the temple of our God. 17 The grains of seed have shriveled beneath their shovels. Storehouses have been decimated, and granaries have been torn down because the grain has dried up. 18 Listen to the cattle groan! The herds of livestock wander around in confusion because they have no pasture. Even the flocks of sheep are suffering.
600–501 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Joel

LXX Joel 1:17

Septuagint
16 Your food has been destroyed before your eyes, joy and gladness from out of the house of your God. 17 The heifers have started at their mangers, the treasures are abolished, the wine presses are broken down; for the grain is withered. 18 What shall we store up for ourselves? the herds of cattle have mourned, because they had no pasture; and the flocks of sheep have been utterly destroyed.
100–1 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in LXX Joel

References

“... The entire verse Joel 1:17 is enigmatic and difficult to understand due to several hapax legomena. First of all, the root עבש ('to dry up, shrivel up') used in the Masoretic Text is a hapax legomenon. A word similar to עבש is attested in Mishnaic Hebrew: עפש. Jastrow gives the meaning 'to grow mouldy, decay,' and the verb is, for instance, used of bread. The interchange of bet and pe is possible, and the עפש would also suit the context. The reading in 4QXIIc, after the supralinear scribal correction, is a qal plural form from the root עפש. For the Septuagint verb ἐσκίρτησαν, the Hebrew Vorlage probably had the verb פוש 'to spring about,' or this is how the Septuagint translator understood the Hebrew. ...”
Hanne von Weissenberg, Changing Scripture? Scribal Corrections in MS 4QXIIc (Berlin: De Gruyter, 2011), 258–259.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Joel 1:17 and LXX Joel 1:17

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