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Job

About this book
Chapter 29

1 Then Job continued his speech: 2 “O that I could be as I was in the months now gone, in the days when God watched over me, 3 when he caused his lamp to shine upon my head, and by his light I walked through darkness;⁠ 4 just as I was in my most productive time, when God’s intimate friendship was experienced in my tent, 5 when the Almighty was still with me and my children were around me; 6 when my steps were bathed with butter and the rock poured out for me streams of olive oil!⁠ 7 When I went out to the city gate and secured my seat in the public square, 8 the young men would see me and step aside, and the old men would get up and remain standing; 9 the chief men refrained from talking and covered their mouths with their hands;⁠ 10 the voices of the nobles fell silent, and their tongues stuck to the roof of their mouths. 11 “As soon as the ear heard these things, it blessed me, and when the eye saw them, it bore witness to me; 12 for I rescued the poor who cried out for help, and the orphan who had no one to assist him;⁠ 13 the blessing of the dying man descended on me, and I made the widow’s heart rejoice; 14 I put on righteousness and it clothed me; my just dealing was like a robe and a turban; 15 I was eyes for the blind and feet for the lame; 16 I was a father to the needy, and I investigated the case of the person I did not know; 17 I broke the fangs of the wicked, and made him drop his prey from his teeth. 18 “Then I thought, ‘I will die in my own home, my days as numerous as the grains of sand.⁠ 19 My roots reach the water, and the dew lies on my branches all night long. 20 My glory will always be fresh in me, and my bow ever new in my hand.’ 21 “People listened to me and waited silently; they kept silent for my advice. 22 After I had spoken, they did not respond; my words fell on them drop by drop. 23 They waited for me as people wait for the rain, and they opened their mouths as for the spring rains. 24 If I smiled at them, they hardly believed it; and they did not cause the light of my face to darken. 25 I chose the way for them and sat as their chief; I lived like a king among his troops; I was like one who comforts mourners.

Texts in conversation

Compare Deuteronomy 32:13 and Job 29:6

Hebrew Bible

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Summary

Deuteronomy describes abundance with oil flowing from rock and butter taken from animals. Job recalls his former prosperity using the same imagery, highlighting how many of its details are derived from the traditions in the Torah.

Passages

Deuteronomy 32:13

Hebrew Bible
11 Like an eagle that stirs up its nest, that hovers over its young, so the Lord spread out his wings and took him, he lifted him up on his pinions. 12 The Lord alone was guiding him, no foreign god was with him. 13 He enabled him to travel over the heights of the earth, and he ate of the produce of the fields. He provided honey for him from the cliffs, and olive oil from the hardest of rocks, 14 butter from the herd and milk from the flock, along with the fat of lambs, rams and goats of Bashan, along with the best of the kernels of wheat; and from the juice of grapes you drank wine. 15 But Jeshurun became fat and kicked; you got fat, thick, and stuffed! Then he deserted the God who made him, and treated the Rock who saved him with contempt.
750–400 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Deuteronomy

Job 29:6

Hebrew Bible
4 just as I was in my most productive time, when God’s intimate friendship was experienced in my tent, 5 when the Almighty was still with me and my children were around me; 6 when my steps were bathed with butter and the rock poured out for me streams of olive oil! 7 When I went out to the city gate and secured my seat in the public square, 8 the young men would see me and step aside, and the old men would get up and remain standing;
500–401 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Job

References

"... Some internal evidence indicates that Job’s speeches postdate the Song of Moses. Job’s speech in chapter 29 gives a possible allusion to the Song of Moses (Deuteronomy 32:1–43). Job begins this speech by reminiscing about the previous days before the great calamity came upon him (Job 29:1–25). The author(s) use(s) distinct language about the way of Job being washed in curds and a rock pouring forth streams of oil (Job 29:6). This text is strikingly similar to Deuteronomy 32:13b, which speaks of oil coming from a flinty rock. Both texts use the Hebrew words for rock and for oil. The connection is strong enough that Greenstein claims that the intertextual connection is clear. Deuteronomy 32:14 also mentions curds, thus making the connection stronger. The texts use the imagery in similar rhetorical ways, as they are both descriptions of God’s providence. These are the only two texts in the Hebrew Bible that describe oil coming from a rock. The distinct nature of this imagery, combined with its lack of appearance in other texts of the Hebrew Bible, implies direct literary connection ..."
James Kipp Swinney, “Intertextual Discourse and the Problem of God: The Intersection of the Speeches of Job and Deuteronomy” (MA diss., Abilene Christian University, 2016), 26–28.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Deuteronomy 32:13 and Job 29:6

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