Go to Related Reading
About this book

Job

About this book
Chapter 21

1 Then Job answered: 2 “Listen carefully to my words; let this be the consolation you offer me. 3 Bear with me and I will speak, and after I have spoken you may mock. 4 Is my complaint against a man? If so, why should I not be impatient? 5 Look at me and be appalled; put your hands over your mouths. 6 For, when I think about this, I am terrified and my body feels a shudder. 7 “Why do the wicked go on living, grow old, even increase in power? 8 Their children are firmly established in their presence, their offspring before their eyes. 9 Their houses are safe and without fear; and no rod of punishment from God is upon them. 10 Their bulls breed without fail; their cows calve and do not miscarry. 11 They allow their children to run like a flock; their little ones dance about. 12 They sing to the accompaniment of tambourine and harp, and make merry to the sound of the flute. 13 They live out their years in prosperity and go down to the grave in peace. 14 So they say to God, ‘Turn away from us! We do not want to know your ways. 15 Who is the Almighty, that we should serve him? What would we gain if we were to pray to him?’ 16 But their prosperity is not their own doing. The counsel of the wicked is far from me! 17 “How often is the lamp of the wicked extinguished? How often does their misfortune come upon them? How often does God apportion pain to them in his anger?⁠ 18 How often are they like straw before the wind and like chaff swept away by a whirlwind? 19 You may say, ‘God stores up a man’s punishment for his children!’ Instead let him repay the man himself so that he may be humbled!⁠ 20 Let his own eyes see his destruction; let him drink of the anger of the Almighty. 21 For what is his interest in his home after his death, when the number of his months has been broken off? 22 Can anyone teach God knowledge, since he judges those that are on high? 23 “One man dies in his full vigor, completely secure and prosperous, 24 his body well nourished, and the marrow of his bones moist. 25 And another man dies in bitterness of soul, never having tasted anything good. 26 Together they lie down in the dust, and worms cover over them both. 27 “Yes, I know what you are thinking, the schemes by which you would wrong me. 28 For you say, ‘Where now is the nobleman’s house, and where are the tents in which the wicked lived?’ 29 Have you never questioned those who travel the roads? Do you not recognize their accounts— 30 that the evil man is spared from the day of his misfortune, that he is delivered from the day of God’s wrath? 31 No one denounces his conduct to his face; no one repays him for what he has done. 32 And when he is carried to the tombs and watch is kept over the funeral mound, 33 the clods of the torrent valley are sweet to him; behind him everybody follows in procession, and before him goes a countless throng. 34 So how can you console me with your futile words? Nothing is left of your answers but deception!”

Texts in conversation

Compare Job 21:19 and 1 Enoch 50:2

Hebrew Bible · Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses

Share:

Summary

Job asks if judgment should be delayed for a sinner’s children, and 1 Enoch similarly describes punishment stored up until a future day. Both present judgment as something accumulated and released later, reflecting a common Jewish tradition.

Passages

Job 21:19

Hebrew Bible
17 “How often is the lamp of the wicked extinguished? How often does their misfortune come upon them? How often does God apportion pain to them in his anger? 18 How often are they like straw before the wind and like chaff swept away by a whirlwind? 19 You may say, ‘God stores up a man’s punishment for his children!’ Instead let him repay the man himself so that he may be humbled! 20 Let his own eyes see his destruction; let him drink of the anger of the Almighty. 21 For what is his interest in his home after his death, when the number of his months has been broken off? 22 Can anyone teach God knowledge, since he judges those that are on high?
500–401 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Job

1 Enoch 50:2

Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses
1 And in those days a change shall take place for the holy and elect, and the light of days shall remain upon them, and glory and honor shall turn to the holy, 2 On the day of affliction when evil shall have been stored up against the sinners. And the righteous shall be victorious in the name of the Lord of Spirits: And He will cause the others to witness this so that they may repent and abandon the works of their hands. 3 They shall have no honor through the name of the Lord of Spirits, yet through His name they shall be saved, and the Lord of Spirits will have compassion on them, for His compassion is great.
300 BCE – 100 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 1 Enoch

References

"... Verse 2 refers back to 'the day of distress' for the kings and the mighty (here called 'the sinners') already described in 48:8-10. Here it complements the notion of reversal that has been applied to the righteous, and it provides a contrast to the fate of the righteous depicted in verses 1 and 2b, between which it is sandwiched. The idea that evil or punishment is stored up for the sinners occurs also in Job 21:19, Hosea 13:12, in Proverbs 1:18, and in Romans 2:5. The idea of sins or their punishment being stored up is a counterpart of the common motif of storing up one's good deeds in heaven, on which see Tobit 4:8-11, 4 Ezra 6:5, and Matthew 6:19-21 ..."
George W. E. Nickelsburg, A Commentary on the Book of 1 Enoch Chapters 37-82 (Minneapolis: Fortress, 2012), 182.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

Your feedback

Job 21:19 and 1 Enoch 50:2

Leave a comment

Your questions and comments are welcome!

Comments

Glossary

Search the Library