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Job

About this book
Chapter 16

1 Then Job replied: 2 “I have heard many things like these before. What miserable comforters are you all! 3 Will there be an end to your windy words? Or what provokes you that you answer? 4 I also could speak like you, if you were in my place; I could pile up words against you, and I could shake my head at you. 5 But I would strengthen you with my words; comfort from my lips would bring you relief. 6 “But if I speak, my pain is not relieved, and if I refrain from speaking, how much of it goes away? 7 Surely now he has worn me out; you have devastated my entire household. 8 You have seized me, and it has become a witness; my leanness has risen up against me and testifies against me. 9 His anger has torn me and persecuted me; he has gnashed at me with his teeth; my adversary locks his eyes on me. 10 People have opened their mouths against me; they have struck my cheek in scorn; they unite together against me. 11 God abandons me to evil men, and throws me into the hands of wicked men. 12 I was in peace, and he has shattered me. He has seized me by the neck and crushed me. He has made me his target; 13 his archers surround me. Without pity he pierces my kidneys and pours out my gall on the ground. 14 He breaks through against me, time and time again; he rushes against me like a warrior. 15 I have sewed sackcloth on my skin and buried my horn in the dust; 16 my face is reddened because of weeping, and on my eyelids there is a deep darkness, 17 although there is no violence in my hands and my prayer is pure. 18 “O earth, do not cover my blood, nor let there be a secret place for my cry.⁠ 19 Even now my witness is in heaven; my advocate is on high. 20 My intercessor is my friend as my eyes pour out tears to God; 21 and he contends with God on behalf of man as a man pleads for his friend. 22 For the years that lie ahead are few, and then I will go on the way of no return.

Texts in conversation

Compare Genesis 4:10 and Job 16:18

Hebrew Bible

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Summary

Job 16 echoes Genesis, invoking the image of blood crying out from the ground, and linking Job’s protest to Abel’s murder. This allusion in Job's protest implicitly place God in the role of Cain.

Passages

Genesis 4:10

Hebrew Bible
9 Then the Lord said to Cain, “Where is your brother Abel?” And he replied, “I don’t know! Am I my brother’s guardian?” 10 But the Lord said, “What have you done? The voice of your brother’s blood is crying out to me from the ground! 11 So now you are banished from the ground, which has opened its mouth to receive your brother’s blood from your hand.
750–400 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Genesis

Job 16:18

Hebrew Bible
15 I have sewed sackcloth on my skin and buried my horn in the dust; 16 my face is reddened because of weeping, and on my eyelids there is a deep darkness, 17 although there is no violence in my hands and my prayer is pure. 18 “O earth, do not cover my blood, nor let there be a secret place for my cry. 19 Even now my witness is in heaven; my advocate is on high. 20 My intercessor is my friend as my eyes pour out tears to God;
500–401 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Job

References

"... Within the earth itself there should be no place to hide the scream or cry. The conjunction of the earth’s not covering the blood and not muffling the scream is probably a reminiscence of God’s words to Cain, “Your brother’s blood cries out [the same verbal root as here] to me from the soil” (Genesis 4:10). This allusion would implicitly cast God in the role of the archetypal murderer ..."
Robert Alter, The Hebrew Bible: A Translation with Commentary (New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 2018), 5187.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Genesis 4:10 and Job 16:18

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