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Sirach

Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus

About this book

A Prayer of Thanksgiving

Chapter 51

1 I will give thanks to you, Lord, King, and will praise you, God my Savior. I give thanks to your name, 2 for you have been my protector and helper, and rescued my body from destruction, and out of the snare of a slanderous tongue, from lips that fabricate lies. You were my helper before those who stood by, 3 and rescued me, according to the abundance of your mercy and of your name, from grinding teeth ready to devour, out of the hand of those seeking my life, out of the many distresses I endured, 4 from the choking of a fire on every side, and out of the middle of fire that I hadn’t lit, 5 out of the depth of the belly of Hades, from an unclean tongue, and from lying words, 6 the slander of an unrighteous tongue to the king. My soul came near to death. My life was near to Hades. 7 They surrounded me on every side. There was no one to help me. I was looking for human help, and there was none.

8 Then I remembered your mercy, Lord, and your work that has continued from eternity, how you rescue those who wait for you, and save them out of the hand of their enemies. 9 I lifted up my prayer from the earth, and prayed for rescue from death. 10 I called on the Lord, the Father of my Lord, asking him not to abandon me in the days of distress, in the time when there was no help against the proud. 11 I will praise your name continually. I will sing praise with thanksgiving. My prayer was heard. 12 You saved me from destruction and rescued me from the evil time. Therefore I will give thanks and praise to you, and bless the name of the Lord.

The Search for Wisdom

13 When I was still young, before I went abroad, I sought wisdom openly in my prayer.⁠ 14 Before the temple I asked for her. I will seek her out even to the end. 15 From the first flower to the ripening grape my heart delighted in her. My foot walked in uprightness. From my youth I followed her steps. 16 I turned my ear a little, and received her, and found for myself much instruction. 17 I benefited in her. I will give glory to him who gives me wisdom. 18 For I determined to put her into practice. I was passionate about what is good. I will never be put to shame. 19 My soul has wrestled with her. I was meticulous in my conduct. I spread out my hands to the sky above, and lamented my ignorance of her. 20 I directed my soul to her. In purity I found her. I gained a heart joined with her from the beginning. Therefore I won’t be abandoned. 21 My belly was also troubled as I sought her. Therefore I have gained a good possession. 22 The Lord gave me a tongue for my reward. I will praise him with it.

An Invitation to Learn

23 Come close to me, all you who are uneducated, and live in the house of instruction.⁠ 24 Why then do you all lack these things, and why are your souls so thirsty? 25 I opened my mouth and spoke, “Get her for yourselves without money.” 26 Put your neck under the yoke,⁠ and let your soul receive instruction. She is near enough to be found.⁠ 27 See with your eyes how I worked just a little and found for myself much rest. 28 Get instruction with a large amount of silver, and gain much gold by her. 29 May your soul be glad in his mercy, and may none of you be put to shame in praising him. 30 Do your work before the time comes, and in his time he will give you your reward.

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Texts in conversation

Compare Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach 51:13 and 11Q5 21:11

Deuterocanon · Dead Sea Scrolls, Prayers, Hymns, and Liturgy

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Summary

The Dead Sea Scroll text 11Q5 parallels the closing hymn of Sirach, where wisdom is like a romantic partner. The scroll presents this in a collection attributed to David, suggesting it circulated independently before being associated with Ben Sira.

Passages

Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach 51:13

Deuterocanon · Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus
13 When I was still young,
before I went abroad,
I sought wisdom openly in my prayer.
14 Before the temple I asked for her.
I will seek her out even to the end.
15 From the first flower to the ripening grape
my heart delighted in her.

My foot walked in uprightness.
From my youth I followed her steps.
16 I turned my ear a little,
and received her,
and found for myself much instruction.
17 I benefited in her.
I will give glory to him who gives me wisdom.
18 For I determined to put her into practice.
I was passionate about what is good.
I will never be put to shame.
195–175 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach

11Q5 21:11

Dead Sea Scrolls, Prayers, Hymns, and Liturgy · The Great Psalms Scroll
11 I was a young man, before I had gone astray, and I sought her. She came to me in her beauty, and to 12 her end I will seek her. Even as the blossom falls when the grapes ripen, making the heart glad, 13 my foot walked on level ground, for from my youth I have known her. I inclined 14 my ear a little, and I found much teaching. And she became a nurse for me; to my teacher I give 15 my honor. I resolved to make sport; I was zealous for good and would not turn back. I kindled 16 my soul for her and did not turn my face away. I stirred up my soul for her, and on her heights I would not 17 be at ease. I opened my hand [... and] I perceive her nakedness. I cleansed my palms for
50 BCE – 50 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 11Q5

References

"... 11QPs 3 21:11-17 contains a Hebrew version of Sirach 51:13-30. Verses 13-20 correspond to 11Q5 21:11-17. The first two words of 1QPs 22:1 accord with Sirach 51:30b. The material in column 21 after line 17, which has not survived, was probably similar to Sirach 51:20-30. The B text, one of the manuscripts of Ben Sira discovered in the Cairo Geniza in 1896, contains another Hebrew recension of this poem. The version from 11Q5 is probably more authentic than the B text. 11QPs 3 follows an easily discernable acrostic format, whereas the B text attests substantial corruptions of this pattern. The poem in 11Q5 21:11-17 and 22:1 is located between Psalm 138:1-8 and Apostrophe to Zion. There is no mention of Ben Sira whatsoever and the Psalms Scroll as a whole is attributed implicitly to David (27:2-11). At the very least, 11QPs 3 does not endorse Ben Sira's authorship of Sirach 51:13-30. Although the evidence is ambiguous, the Jerusalem sage probably did not compose this work. The work has been dated to the third or second century BCE. The composition contains no evidence that it was composed by a member of the movement associated with the Teacher of Righteousness. Even if Ben Sira did not write Sirach 51:13-30, the poem is an appropriate conclusion to his instruction ..."
Matthew J. Goff, Discerning Wisdom: The Sapiential Literature of the Dead Sea Scrolls (Leiden: Brill, 2007), 247–257.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach 51:13 and 11Q5 21:11

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