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Sirach

Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus

About this book

Josiah and Judah’s Kings

Chapter 49

1 The memory of Josiah is like the blend of incense prepared by the work of the perfumer. It will be sweet like honey in every mouth, and like music at a banquet of wine. 2 He did what was right in reforming the people, and took away the detestable acts of wrongdoing. 3 He set his heart right toward the Lord. In lawless days, he made godliness prevail. 4 Except David, Hezekiah, and Josiah, all were wicked, because they abandoned the law of the Most High. The kings of Judah came to an end. 5 They gave their power to others, and their glory to a foreign nation. 6 They set the chosen city of the sanctuary on fire and made her streets desolate, as Jeremiah had written.

Jeremiah, Ezekiel, and the Twelve Prophets

7 For they mistreated him, yet he was made holy in the womb to be a prophet, to uproot, to bring suffering, to destroy and likewise to build and to plant. 8 Ezekiel saw the vision of glory, which God showed him on the chariot of the cherubim.⁠ 9 For truly he remembered the enemies in a rainstorm, and remembered to do good to those who directed their ways rightly. 10 Also of the twelve prophets, may their bones flourish again from their place.⁠ He comforted the people of Jacob, and delivered them by confident hope.

The Leaders of the Restoration

11 How can we proclaim Zerubbabel’s greatness? He was like a signet ring on the right hand.⁠ 12 So was Joshua the son of Jehozadak, who in their days built the house, and exalted a people holy to the Lord, prepared for everlasting glory. 13 Nehemiah’s memory is also great. He raised up for us fallen walls, set up the gates and bars, and rebuilt our houses.⁠

The Earliest Ancestors

14 No man was created on the earth like Enoch, for he was taken up from the earth. 15 Nor was there a man born like Joseph, a leader of his relatives, a supporter of the people. Even his bones were cared for.⁠ 16 Shem and Seth were honored among men, but Adam was above every living thing in creation.

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Texts in conversation

Compare Ezekiel 1:28 and Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach 49:8

Hebrew Bible · Deuterocanon

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Summary

Ezekiel describes a vision of light and a rainbow around God’s throne, showing divine glory in visual form. Sirach remembers Ezekiel as a prophet who saw this glory and places him among earlier prophets.

Passages

Ezekiel 1:28

Hebrew Bible
26 Above the platform over their heads was something like a sapphire shaped like a throne. High above on the throne was a form that appeared to be a man. 27 I saw an amber glow like a fire enclosed all around from his waist up. From his waist down I saw something that looked like fire. There was a brilliant light around it, 28 like the appearance of a rainbow in the clouds after the rain. This was the appearance of the surrounding brilliant light; it looked like the glory of the Lord. When I saw it, I threw myself face down, and I heard a voice speaking.
600–501 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Ezekiel

Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach 49:8

Deuterocanon · Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus
6 They set the chosen city of the sanctuary on fire
and made her streets desolate,
as Jeremiah had written.
7 For they mistreated him,
yet he was made holy in the womb to be a prophet,
to uproot, to bring suffering, to destroy
and likewise to build and to plant.
8 Ezekiel saw the vision of glory,
which God showed him on the chariot of the cherubim.
9 For truly he remembered the enemies in a rainstorm,
and remembered to do good to those who directed their ways rightly.
10 Also of the twelve prophets,
may their bones flourish again from their place.
He comforted the people of Jacob,
and delivered them by confident hope.
195–175 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach

References

"... Ben Sira displays his knowledge of prophetic history generally and appears to refer to a specific collection of Twelve Prophets. In his narrative history, he refers to the three major prophets in the same order found in the Hebrew canon, from Isaiah (Sirach 48:22), to Jeremiah (49:6), to Ezekiel (49:8), culminating with a reference to the Twelve Prophets (49:10). Ben Sira meticulously only uses the title prophet to refer to characters from the conquest of the land until the exile, indicating that he has a specific concept in mind. These prophets are not merely sages, but speak for God and see visions (46:13, 16). He also references the Twelve Prophets in a similar form to that found in the later Masoretic Text: “And also the Twelve Prophets” (49:10). The use of the title “the Twelve Prophets” is likely an assumed recognizable entity. Ben Sira seems to be familiar with the twelve books as a grouping of prophetic writings. In conclusion, we see that he is familiar with a prophetic history like that found in the Jewish Scriptures and regards them as instructive for his community ..."
Peter Beckman, “Ben Sira’s Canon Conscious Interpretive Strategies: His Narrative History and Realization of the Jewish Scriptures,” Them 46.3 (2021): 562–575.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Ezekiel 1:28 and Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach 49:8

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