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Sirach

Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus

About this book

Praise of Israel’s Ancestors

Chapter 44

1 Let us now praise famous men, our ancestors in their generations.⁠ 2 The Lord created great glory in them, his mighty power from the beginning. 3 Some ruled in their kingdoms and were men renowned for their power, giving advice by their understanding. Some have spoken in prophecies, 4 leaders of the people by their advice, and by their understanding, giving instruction for the people. Their words in their instruction were wise. 5 Some composed musical tunes, and put verses in writing, 6 rich men endowed with ability, living peacefully in their homes. 7 All these were honored in their generations, and were outstanding in their days.

8 Some of them have left a name behind them, so that others declare their praises. 9 But of others, there is no memory. They died as though they had never existed. They become as though they had not been born, they and their children after them. 10 But these were merciful men, whose righteous deeds have not been forgotten. 11 A good inheritance remains with their offspring. Their children are within the covenant. 12 Their offspring stand firm, with their children, for their sakes. 13 Their offspring will remain forever. Their glory won’t be blotted out. 14 Their bodies were buried in peace. Their name lives for all generations. 15 People will declare their wisdom. The congregation proclaims their praise.

Enoch and Noah

16 Enoch pleased the Lord, and was taken up, an example of repentance to all generations.⁠ 17 Noah was found perfect and righteous. In the time of anger, he kept the race alive. Therefore a remnant was left on the earth when the flood came. 18 Everlasting covenants were made with him, so that all flesh would never again be blotted out by a flood.

Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob

19 Abraham was a great father of a multitude of nations. No one was found like him in glory.⁠ 20 He kept the law of the Most High,⁠ and was taken into covenant with him. In his flesh he established the covenant. When he was tested, he was found faithful. 21 Therefore he assured him by an oath that the nations would be blessed through his offspring, that he would multiply him like the dust of the earth, exalt his offspring like the stars, and cause them to inherit from sea to sea, and from the Euphrates River to the farthest parts of the earth. 22 He also established the same assurance in Isaac for the sake of his father Abraham, the blessing of all men, and the covenant. 23 He made it rest on the head of Jacob. He acknowledged him in his blessings, gave him an inheritance, and divided his portions. He distributed them among twelve tribes. He brought from him a merciful man, who found favor in the sight of all people,

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Texts in conversation

Compare Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach 44:20 and James 2:21

Deuterocanon · New Testament

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Summary

James echoes Sirach 44 in describing Abraham as faithful when tested and as one whose actions confirm his covenant relationship. Like Sirach, James presents Abraham as an example of how faith and works belong together.

Passages

Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach 44:20

Deuterocanon · Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus
18 Everlasting covenants were made with him,
so that all flesh would never again be blotted out by a flood.
19 Abraham was a great father of a multitude of nations.
No one was found like him in glory.
20 He kept the law of the Most High,
and was taken into covenant with him.
In his flesh he established the covenant.
When he was tested, he was found faithful.
21 Therefore he assured him by an oath
that the nations would be blessed through his offspring,
that he would multiply him like the dust of the earth,
exalt his offspring like the stars,
and cause them to inherit from sea to sea,
and from the Euphrates River to the farthest parts of the earth.
195–175 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach

James 2:21

New Testament
19 You believe that God is one; well and good. Even the demons believe that—and tremble with fear. 20 But would you like evidence, you empty fellow, that faith without works is useless? 21 Was not Abraham our father justified by works when he offered Isaac his son on the altar? 22 You see that his faith was working together with his works and his faith was perfected by works. 23 And the scripture was fulfilled that says, “Now Abraham believed God and it was counted to him for righteousness,” and he was called God’s friend. 24 You see that a person is justified by works and not by faith alone.
50–120 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in James

References

"... As to the meaning of Genesis 15:6 presupposed in the Epistle, Abraham's faith in trial, modern scholars have noted the parallels for this notion in early sources, which indicate that this interpretation of the verse had been established centuries before the author of James, and was, in all probability, widely accepted in his day. Thus, the author of 1 Maccabees, writing a century before the current era, paraphrased Genesis 15:6, 'Was not Abraham found faithful in trial, and it was accounted unto him for righteousness?' (2:52). Virtually the same phrase, 'and in trial he was found faithful', was employed by Ben Sira in a context worthy of note. In the following passage, Ben Sira links Abraham's faith in trial with a poetic paraphrase of Genesis 22:16-17, God's oath to Abraham following the Akedah, which suggests that he already associated Genesis 15:6 with the sacrificing of Isaac over two centuries before the author of James ..."
Irving Jacobs, “The Midrashic Background for James II. 21–3,” NTS 22.4 (1976): 457–464.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach 44:20 and James 2:21

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