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Sirach

Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus

About this book

Praise of Israel’s Ancestors

Chapter 44

1 Let us now praise famous men, our ancestors in their generations.⁠ 2 The Lord created great glory in them, his mighty power from the beginning. 3 Some ruled in their kingdoms and were men renowned for their power, giving advice by their understanding. Some have spoken in prophecies, 4 leaders of the people by their advice, and by their understanding, giving instruction for the people. Their words in their instruction were wise. 5 Some composed musical tunes, and put verses in writing, 6 rich men endowed with ability, living peacefully in their homes. 7 All these were honored in their generations, and were outstanding in their days.

8 Some of them have left a name behind them, so that others declare their praises. 9 But of others, there is no memory. They died as though they had never existed. They become as though they had not been born, they and their children after them. 10 But these were merciful men, whose righteous deeds have not been forgotten. 11 A good inheritance remains with their offspring. Their children are within the covenant. 12 Their offspring stand firm, with their children, for their sakes. 13 Their offspring will remain forever. Their glory won’t be blotted out. 14 Their bodies were buried in peace. Their name lives for all generations. 15 People will declare their wisdom. The congregation proclaims their praise.

Enoch and Noah

16 Enoch pleased the Lord, and was taken up, an example of repentance to all generations.⁠ 17 Noah was found perfect and righteous. In the time of anger, he kept the race alive. Therefore a remnant was left on the earth when the flood came. 18 Everlasting covenants were made with him, so that all flesh would never again be blotted out by a flood.

Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob

19 Abraham was a great father of a multitude of nations. No one was found like him in glory.⁠ 20 He kept the law of the Most High,⁠ and was taken into covenant with him. In his flesh he established the covenant. When he was tested, he was found faithful. 21 Therefore he assured him by an oath that the nations would be blessed through his offspring, that he would multiply him like the dust of the earth, exalt his offspring like the stars, and cause them to inherit from sea to sea, and from the Euphrates River to the farthest parts of the earth. 22 He also established the same assurance in Isaac for the sake of his father Abraham, the blessing of all men, and the covenant. 23 He made it rest on the head of Jacob. He acknowledged him in his blessings, gave him an inheritance, and divided his portions. He distributed them among twelve tribes. He brought from him a merciful man, who found favor in the sight of all people,

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Texts in conversation

Compare Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach 44:1 and Hebrews 11:2

Deuterocanon · New Testament

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Summary

Hebrews 11 recalls the deeds of ancestors as models of faith, a literary style that parallels Sirach 44, which praises figures of the past. Both use the Greek literary form known as an encomium, a structured celebration of notable lives.

Passages

Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach 44:1

Deuterocanon · Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus
1 Let us now praise famous men,
our ancestors in their generations.
2 The Lord created great glory in them,
his mighty power from the beginning.
3 Some ruled in their kingdoms
and were men renowned for their power,
giving advice by their understanding.
Some have spoken in prophecies,
4 leaders of the people by their advice,
and by their understanding, giving instruction for the people.
Their words in their instruction were wise.
5 Some composed musical tunes,
and put verses in writing,
195–175 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach

Hebrews 11:2

New Testament
1 Now faith is being sure of what we hope for, being convinced of what we do not see. 2 For by it the people of old received God’s commendation. 3 By faith we understand that the worlds were set in order at God’s command, so that the visible has its origin in the invisible. 4 By faith Abel offered God a greater sacrifice than Cain, and through his faith he was commended as righteous because God commended him for his offerings. And through his faith he still speaks, though he is dead. 5 By faith Enoch was taken up so that he did not see death, and he was not to be found because God took him up. For before his removal he had been commended as having pleased God.
60–90 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Hebrews

References

"... Using 'abstract quality' as the basis of his argument, Ryken contends that faith is the subject of the encomium in Hebrews 11:1–12:2. It is likely, however, that the subject of the encomium is a person here, as it often is in extra-Biblical literature. The basis for this claim is a comparison of Hebrews 11:1–12:2 with Sirach 44–50, the "praise of the fathers" passage ... T. R. Lee argues that Sirach 44-50 is an encomium on the high priest Simon II. His definition of encomium is essentially the same as that of Ryken. His understanding is the result of an historical survey of the form in Greek literature ranging from the fifth century B.C. to the third century A.D ... If both Hebrews 11 and Sirach 44–50 are encomia, then in fact they are not 'distinct' formally but share a literary form common to the Greco-Roman world that was rare in Jewish literature. It is this uniqueness that Lee stresses in distinguishing the Sirach passage from other passages ..."
Merland R. Miller, “What Is the Literary Form of Hebrews 11?” JETS 29.4 (1986): 411–417.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach 44:1 and Hebrews 11:2

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