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Sirach

Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus

About this book

The Splendor of the Heavens

Chapter 43

1 The pride of the heavenly heights is the clear sky, the appearance of heaven, in the spectacle of its glory. 2 The sun, when it appears, bringing news as it rises, is a marvelous instrument, the work of the Most High.⁠ 3 At noon, it dries up the land. Who can stand against its burning heat? 4 A man tending a furnace is in burning heat, but the sun burns three times more. Burning up the mountains, breathing out fiery vapors, and sending out bright beams, it blinds the eyes. 5 The Lord who made it is great. At his word, he speeds it along its course.

6 The moon marks the changing seasons, declares times, and is a sign for the world. 7 The sign of feast days comes from the moon, a light that wanes when it completes its course. 8 The month is called after its name, growing wonderfully as it changes, an instrument of the army on high, shining in the structure of heaven, 9 the beauty of heaven, the glory of the stars, an ornament giving light in the highest places of the Lord. 10 At the word of the Holy One, they will stand in proper order. They won’t grow weak on their watches.

The Rainbow and the Weather

11 Look at the rainbow, and praise him who made it. It is extremely beautiful in its brightness. 12 It encircles the sky with its glorious circle. The hands of the Most High have stretched it out. 13 By his commandment, he makes the snow fall and swiftly sends the lightning flashes of his judgment.⁠ 14 Therefore the storehouses are opened, and clouds fly out like birds. 15 By his mighty power, he makes the clouds strong and the hailstones are broken in pieces.

17 The voice of his thunder rebukes the earth. When he appears, the mountains will be shaken.⁠ At his will, the south wind will blow. So do the northern storm and the whirlwind. Like birds flying down, he sprinkles the snow. It falls down like locusts landing. 18 The eye is dazzled at the beauty of its whiteness. The heart is amazed as it falls. 19 He also pours out frost on the earth like salt.⁠ When it freezes, it has points like thorns. 20 The cold north wind blows and ice freezes on the water. It settles on every pool of water. The water puts it on like it was a breastplate. 21 It will devour the mountains, burn up the wilderness, and consume the green grass like fire. 22 A mist coming quickly heals all things. A dew coming after heat brings cheerfulness.

The Wonders of the Sea

23 By his plan, he has calmed the deep and planted islands in it. 24 Those who sail on the sea tell of its dangers. We marvel when we hear it with our ears. 25 There are also those strange and wonderful works in it, every kind of living thing and the huge creatures of the sea. 26 Because of him, his messengers succeed. By his word, all things hold together.⁠

Praise beyond Human Words

27 We may say many things, but cannot say enough. The summary of our words is, “He is everything!”⁠ 28 How could we have strength to glorify him? For he himself is greater than all his works. 29 The Lord is awesome and extremely great! His power is marvelous! 30 Glorify the Lord and exalt him as much as you can! For even then, he will surpass that. When you exalt him, summon your full strength. Don’t grow tired, because you can’t praise him enough. 31 Who has seen him, so that he may describe him? Who can proclaim his greatness as it really is? 32 Many things greater than these are hidden, for we have seen just a few of his works. 33 For the Lord made all things. He gave wisdom to the godly.

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Texts in conversation

Compare Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach 43:27 and 1 Corinthians 15:28

Deuterocanon · New Testament

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Summary

Sirach closes a hymn on creation with the claim that God is everything, the power behind all that exists. Paul uses similar language in 1 Corinthians when he looks ahead to a time when God will be all in all, with every power under one divine rule.

Passages

Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach 43:27

Deuterocanon · Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus
24 Those who sail on the sea tell of its dangers.
We marvel when we hear it with our ears.
25 There are also those strange and wonderful works in it,
every kind of living thing
and the huge creatures of the sea.
26 Because of him, his messengers succeed.
By his word, all things hold together.
27 We may say many things, but cannot say enough.
The summary of our words is, “He is everything!”
28 How could we have strength to glorify him?
For he himself is greater than all his works.
29 The Lord is awesome and extremely great!
His power is marvelous!
195–175 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach

1 Corinthians 15:28

New Testament
26 The last enemy to be eliminated is death. 27 For he has put everything in subjection under his feet. But when it says “everything” has been put in subjection, it is clear that this does not include the one who put everything in subjection to him. 28 And when all things are subjected to him, then the Son himself will be subjected to the one who subjected everything to him, so that God may be all in all. 29 Otherwise, what will those do who are baptized for the dead? If the dead are not raised at all, then why are they baptized for them? 30 Why too are we in danger every hour?
55–57 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 1 Corinthians

References

"... The writings that make up the Old Testament Apocrypha contribute much to New Testament background. There are several political and theological themes that may be reviewed briefly. Second Maccabees 7:28 may be the first to teach that God created the universe out of nothing. In Sirach 43:27 God is called 'the All.' God is called 'Father' (Tobit 13:4), 'Judge' (Sirach 17:15-24), and 'King' (Judith 9:12; 2 Maccabees 7:9). Wisdom of Solomon 11:22-12:2 teaches that God's love is universal. God is all-knowing and all-powerful (Sirach 42:15-25) ..."
Craig A. Evans, Ancient Texts for New Testament Studies: A Guide to the Background Literature (Peabody, MA: Hendrickson, 2005), 22.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach 43:27 and 1 Corinthians 15:28

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