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About this book

Sirach

Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus

About this book

Care for the Poor and Oppressed

Chapter 4

1 My son, don’t deprive a poor person of a livelihood. Don’t make the eyes of the needy wait long.⁠ 2 Don’t make a hungry soul sorrowful, or provoke a man in his distress. 3 Don’t add more trouble to a heart that is provoked. Don’t put off giving to him who is in need. 4 Don’t reject someone pleading in distress. Don’t turn your face away from a poor man.⁠ 5 Don’t turn your eye away from one who asks. Give no one a reason to curse you.⁠ 6 For if he curses you in the bitterness of his soul, he who made him will hear his plea.

7 Endear yourself to the assembly. Bow your head to an important man. 8 Listen to a poor man. Answer him with peaceful words in humility. 9 Rescue the victim from the wrongdoer’s power.⁠ Don’t be hesitant in giving judgment. 10 Be like a father to the fatherless, and like a husband to their mother. So you will be like a son of the Most High,⁠ and he will love you more than your mother does.⁠

Wisdom’s Rewards and Discipline

11 Wisdom exalts her sons, and takes hold of those who seek her. 12 He who loves her loves life. Those who seek her early will be filled with gladness. 13 He who holds firmly to her will inherit glory. Where he enters, the Lord will bless. 14 Those who serve her serve the Holy One. The Lord loves those who love her. 15 He who listens to her will judge the nations. He who pays attention to her will live securely. 16 If he trusts her, he will inherit her, and his descendants will possess her. 17 For at first she will walk with him in crooked ways, and will bring fear and dread on him, and torment him with her discipline, until she can trust his soul and test him by her judgments. 18 Then she will bring him back to the straight path, and will make him glad, and reveal to him her secrets. 19 If he goes astray, she will abandon him, and hand him over to his downfall.

Courage and Honesty

20 Watch for the opportunity, and beware of evil. Don’t be ashamed of your soul. 21 For there is a shame that brings sin, and there is a shame that is glory and grace.⁠ 22 Don’t show partiality, discrediting your soul. Don’t honor anyone in a way that causes your downfall. 23 Don’t hold back from speaking when it can bring safety. Don’t hide your wisdom to keep up appearances. 24 For wisdom will be known by speech, and instruction by the word of the tongue. 25 Don’t speak against the truth and be shamed for your ignorance.⁠ 26 Don’t be ashamed to confess your sins. Don’t fight the river’s current. 27 Don’t lie down for a fool to trample on. Don’t be partial to someone powerful. 28 Strive for the truth to the point of death, and the Lord God will fight for you.⁠

Speech and Conduct

29 Don’t be hasty with your tongue, or lazy and negligent in your deeds. 30 Don’t be like a lion in your house, or suspicious of your servants. 31 Don’t let your hand be stretched out to receive, and closed when you should repay.⁠

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Texts in conversation

Compare Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach 4:10 and Matthew 5:45

Deuterocanon · New Testament

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Summary

Sirach teaches that caring for widows and orphans makes one a child of God, showing mercy as God does. In Matthew, Jesus makes the same connection, saying generous love reflects the character of the Father.

Passages

Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach 4:10

Deuterocanon · Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus
8 Listen to a poor man.
Answer him with peaceful words in humility.
9 Rescue the victim from the wrongdoer’s power.
Don’t be hesitant in giving judgment.
10 Be like a father to the fatherless,
and like a husband to their mother.
So you will be like a son of the Most High,
and he will love you more than your mother does.
11 Wisdom exalts her sons,
and takes hold of those who seek her.
12 He who loves her loves life.
Those who seek her early will be filled with gladness.
195–175 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach

Matthew 5:45

New Testament
43 “You have heard that it was said, ‘Love your neighbor’ and ‘hate your enemy.’ 44 But I say to you, love your enemy and pray for those who persecute you, 45 so that you may be like your Father in heaven, since he causes the sun to rise on the evil and the good, and sends rain on the righteous and the unrighteous. 46 For if you love those who love you, what reward do you have? Even the tax collectors do the same, don’t they? 47 And if you only greet your brothers, what more do you do? Even the Gentiles do the same, don’t they?
70–90 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Matthew

References

"... The passage includes traditional Jewish proverbs—the golden rule and the “measure for measure” logion — and conventional Jewish motifs: the good and the bad/wicked, the just and unjust, God as the cause of sun and rain, the righteous as sons of God, (For example, Proverbs 3:12; Jeremiah 3:19; Hosea 11:1; Sirach 4:10; Wisdom of Solomon 2:18; Bava Batra 17b ...) and the imitation of divine attributes. The central part of the Sermon on the Plain also features striking images: someone turning the other cheek, a person going the extra mile, a log jutting from an eye; as well as provocative imperatives: love your enemy, pray for those persecuting you, give away your remaining garment. It further exhibits parallelism, balance, alliteration, and repetition, as one can see ..."
Dale C. Allison Jr., Constructing Jesus: Memory, Imagination, and History (Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, 2013), 375.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach 4:10 and Matthew 5:45

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