Go to Related Reading
About this book

Sirach

Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus

About this book

Care for the Poor and Oppressed

Chapter 4

1 My son, don’t deprive a poor person of a livelihood. Don’t make the eyes of the needy wait long.⁠ 2 Don’t make a hungry soul sorrowful, or provoke a man in his distress. 3 Don’t add more trouble to a heart that is provoked. Don’t put off giving to him who is in need. 4 Don’t reject someone pleading in distress. Don’t turn your face away from a poor man.⁠ 5 Don’t turn your eye away from one who asks. Give no one a reason to curse you.⁠ 6 For if he curses you in the bitterness of his soul, he who made him will hear his plea.

7 Endear yourself to the assembly. Bow your head to an important man. 8 Listen to a poor man. Answer him with peaceful words in humility. 9 Rescue the victim from the wrongdoer’s power.⁠ Don’t be hesitant in giving judgment. 10 Be like a father to the fatherless, and like a husband to their mother. So you will be like a son of the Most High,⁠ and he will love you more than your mother does.⁠

Wisdom’s Rewards and Discipline

11 Wisdom exalts her sons, and takes hold of those who seek her. 12 He who loves her loves life. Those who seek her early will be filled with gladness. 13 He who holds firmly to her will inherit glory. Where he enters, the Lord will bless. 14 Those who serve her serve the Holy One. The Lord loves those who love her. 15 He who listens to her will judge the nations. He who pays attention to her will live securely. 16 If he trusts her, he will inherit her, and his descendants will possess her. 17 For at first she will walk with him in crooked ways, and will bring fear and dread on him, and torment him with her discipline, until she can trust his soul and test him by her judgments. 18 Then she will bring him back to the straight path, and will make him glad, and reveal to him her secrets. 19 If he goes astray, she will abandon him, and hand him over to his downfall.

Courage and Honesty

20 Watch for the opportunity, and beware of evil. Don’t be ashamed of your soul. 21 For there is a shame that brings sin, and there is a shame that is glory and grace.⁠ 22 Don’t show partiality, discrediting your soul. Don’t honor anyone in a way that causes your downfall. 23 Don’t hold back from speaking when it can bring safety. Don’t hide your wisdom to keep up appearances. 24 For wisdom will be known by speech, and instruction by the word of the tongue. 25 Don’t speak against the truth and be shamed for your ignorance.⁠ 26 Don’t be ashamed to confess your sins. Don’t fight the river’s current. 27 Don’t lie down for a fool to trample on. Don’t be partial to someone powerful. 28 Strive for the truth to the point of death, and the Lord God will fight for you.⁠

Speech and Conduct

29 Don’t be hasty with your tongue, or lazy and negligent in your deeds. 30 Don’t be like a lion in your house, or suspicious of your servants. 31 Don’t let your hand be stretched out to receive, and closed when you should repay.⁠

Continue to 1 Esdras

Texts in conversation

Compare Deuteronomy 15:7 and Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach 4:1

Hebrew Bible · Deuterocanon

Share:

Summary

Sirach 4 tells people not to mistreat the poor, based on the command in Deuteronomy 15 that one must not harden the heart toward a needy neighbor but instead give generously to the poor and vulnerable.

Passages

Deuteronomy 15:7

Hebrew Bible
5 if you carefully obey him by keeping all these commandments that I am giving you today. 6 For the Lord your God will bless you just as he has promised; you will lend to many nations but will not borrow from any, and you will rule over many nations but they will not rule over you. 7 If a fellow Israelite from one of your villages in the land that the Lord your God is giving you should be poor, you must not harden your heart or be insensitive to his impoverished condition. 8 Instead, you must be sure to open your hand to him and generously lend him whatever he needs.
640–500 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Deuteronomy

Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach 4:1

Deuterocanon · Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus
1 My son, don’t deprive a poor person of a livelihood.
Don’t make the eyes of the needy wait long.
2 Don’t make a hungry soul sorrowful,
or provoke a man in his distress.
3 Don’t add more trouble to a heart that is provoked.
Don’t put off giving to him who is in need.
4 Don’t reject someone pleading in distress.
Don’t turn your face away from a poor man.
5 Don’t turn your eye away from one who asks.
Give no one a reason to curse you.
195–175 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach

References

"... According to Ben Sira, wealth is a feature of the present age and should be used to help others ... Storing up almsgiving in one’s storehouse meets with favor in the eyes of God (Sirach 17:20–3) and atones for sin (Sirach 3:30). The idea that one should appoint their goods to friends and relatives denotes some degree of negotiating wealth to their own benefit. While Ben Sira’s rhetoric may well be sincere, the idea of ‘storing up almsgiving’ seems somewhat oxymoronic. Moreover, while he exhorts his students to give ‘according to the command’ he also offers some personal benefits for doing so. The background for this command is probably Deuteronomy 15:7–11, in which verse 10 states, ‘Give liberally and be ungrudging when you do so, for on this account the Lord your God will bless you in all your work and in all that you undertake.’ Thus, the references, ‘it will profit you more than gold’ and ‘it will save you from every evil’ have a this-worldly perspective. What is in mind here is the promise of material blessing for obedience, which giving to the poor reflects ..."
Mark D. Mathews, Riches, Poverty, and the Faithful: Perspectives on Wealth in the Second Temple Period and the Apocalypse of John, SNTSMS 154 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2013), 67.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

Your feedback

Deuteronomy 15:7 and Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach 4:1

Leave a comment

Your questions and comments are welcome!

Comments

Glossary

Search the Library