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Sirach

Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus

About this book

The Life and Legacy of a Scribe

Chapter 39

1 He will seek out the wisdom of all the ancients and will be occupied with prophecies. 2 He will keep the sayings of the famous men and will enter into the subtleties of parables.⁠ 3 He will seek out the hidden meaning of proverbs and be familiar with the puzzling sayings of parables. 4 He will serve among important men and appear before him who rules. He will travel through the land of foreign nations,⁠ for he has learned what is good and evil among men. 5 He will set his heart to return early to the Lord who made him, and will plead before the Most High, and will open his mouth in prayer, and will ask for pardon for his sins. 6 If the great Lord wills, he will be filled with the spirit of understanding. He will pour out the words of his wisdom and in prayer give thanks to the Lord.⁠ 7 He will direct his advice and knowledge, and he will meditate in his secrets. 8 He will show the instruction which he has been taught and will take pride in the law of the covenant of the Lord. 9 Many will praise his understanding. As long as the world endures, it won’t be blotted out. His memory won’t depart. His name will live from generation to generation. 10 Nations will declare his wisdom. The congregation will proclaim his praise. 11 If he continues, he will leave a greater name than a thousand. If he finally rests, it is enough for him.

Praise for the Works of Creation

12 I will also speak of more things that I have thought about. I am filled like the full moon. 13 Listen to me, you holy children, and bud like a rose growing by a brook of water.⁠ 14 Give a sweet fragrance like frankincense. Put out flowers like a lily. Scatter a sweet smell and sing a song of praise. Bless the Lord for all his works! 15 Make his name great and speak his praise with the songs on your lips and with harps! Say this when you speak his praise:

16 All the works of the Lord are extremely good, and every command will be done in its time. 17 No one can say, “What is this?” “Why is that?” for at the proper time they will all be sought out. At his word, the waters stood like a heap, as did the reservoirs of water at the word of his mouth. 18 At his command all his good pleasure is fulfilled. There is no one who can hinder his salvation. 19 The works of all flesh are before him. It’s impossible to be hidden from his eyes. 20 He sees from everlasting to everlasting. There is nothing too wonderful for him. 21 No one can say, “What is this?” “Why is that?” for all things are created for their own uses.

22 His blessing covered the dry land like a river and saturated it like a flood. 23 As he has made the waters salty, so the nations will inherit his anger. 24 His ways are plain to the holy. They are stumbling blocks to the wicked. 25 Good things are created from the beginning for the good. Evil things are also created for sinners.

26 The main things necessary for the life of man are water, fire, iron, salt, wheat flour, and honey, milk, the blood of the grape, oil, and clothing.⁠ 27 All these things are for good to the godly, but for sinners, they will be turned into evils. 28 There are winds that are created for vengeance, and in their fury they strike heavy blows with their whips. In the time of reckoning, they pour out their strength, and will appease the anger of him who made them.⁠ 29 Fire, hail, famine, and death are all created for vengeance,⁠ 30 as are wild beasts’ teeth, scorpions,⁠ adders, and a sword punishing the ungodly to destruction. 31 They will be glad at his commandment, and will be made ready on earth when needed. In their seasons, they won’t disobey his command.

32 Therefore from the beginning I was convinced, and I thought it through and left it in writing: 33 All the works of the Lord are good. He will supply every need in its time. 34 No one can say, “This is worse than that,” for they will all be recognized as good in their time. 35 Now with all your hearts and voices, sing praises and bless the Lord’s name!

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Texts in conversation

Compare Proverbs 1:6 and Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach 39:2

Hebrew Bible · Deuterocanon

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Summary

Proverbs describes wisdom as the ability to understand stories, parables, and riddles, presenting these forms as an important way to communicate. Sirach echoes this, praising the one who devotes time to the study of parables and hidden sayings.

Passages

Proverbs 1:6

Hebrew Bible
4 To impart shrewdness to the morally naive, a discerning plan to the young person. 5 (Let the wise also hear and gain instruction, and let the discerning acquire guidance!) 6 To discern the meaning of a proverb and a parable, the sayings of the wise and their riddles. 7 Fearing the Lord is the beginning of discernment, but fools have despised wisdom and moral instruction. 8 Listen, my child, to the instruction from your father, and do not forsake the teaching from your mother.
600–201 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Proverbs

Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach 39:2

Deuterocanon · Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus
1 He will seek out the wisdom of all the ancients
and will be occupied with prophecies.
2 He will keep the sayings of the famous men
and will enter into the subtleties of parables.
3 He will seek out the hidden meaning of proverbs
and be familiar with the puzzling sayings of parables.
4 He will serve among important men and appear before him who rules.
He will travel through the land of foreign nations,
for he has learned what is good and evil among men.
195–175 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach

References

"... Given the ambiguity of parables, recent scholarship has stressed their mysterious and elusive qualities. We should note that Ezekiel 17:2 labels the short story in the following verses not only as a comparison (mashal) but also as a riddle (hidah). This is not a unique situation since the Hebrew Bible labels several other proverbs, prophecies, or songs both as comparisons (meshalim) and riddles (hidot [the plural form of hidah]) (e.g., Habakkuk 2:6; Psalm 49:5; 78:2; Proverbs 1:6; compare Wisdom of Solomon 8:8; Sirach 39:3; 47:17). As with meshalim, hidot come in a variety of forms. Although the words mashal and hidah have two distinct meanings that we should not confuse, they can both describe the multiple functions of a single proverb, song, or parable ..."
Jeremy Schipper, Parables and Conflict in the Hebrew Bible (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009), 16.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Proverbs 1:6 and Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach 39:2

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