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Sirach

Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus

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Wisdom’s Praise

Chapter 24

1 Wisdom will praise her own soul, and will proclaim her glory among her people.⁠ 2 She will open her mouth in the congregation of the Most High, and proclaim her glory in the presence of his power. 3 “I came out of the mouth of the Most High, and covered the earth like a mist.⁠ 4 I lived in high places, and my throne is in the pillar of the cloud.⁠ 5 Alone I circled heaven, and walked in the depth of the abyss. 6 Among the waves of the sea, and in all the earth, and among every people and nation, I obtained a possession. 7 Among all these I sought rest. In whose inheritance will I stay?

8 Then the Creator of all things gave me a command. He who created me settled my tent, and said, ‘Let your dwelling be in Jacob, and your inheritance in Israel.’⁠ 9 He created me from the beginning, before the ages. For all ages, I will not cease to exist.⁠ 10 In the holy tabernacle, I served before him. So I was established in Zion. 11 In the beloved city, likewise he gave me rest. My domain was in Jerusalem. 12 I took root in an honored people, in the portion of the Lord’s own inheritance.

13 I was exalted like a cedar in Lebanon, and like a cypress tree on the mountains of Hermon.⁠ 14 I was exalted like a palm tree on the seashore, like rose bushes in Jericho, and like a beautiful olive tree in the plain. I was exalted like a plane tree. 15 Like cinnamon and aspalathus, I have given a scent to perfumes. Like choice myrrh, I spread a pleasant fragrance, like galbanum,⁠ onycha, stacte,⁠ and like the smell of frankincense in the tabernacle. 16 Like the terebinth, I stretched out my branches. My branches are glorious and graceful. 17 Like the vine, I produced grace. My flowers are the fruit of glory and riches.

19 “Come to me, all you who desire me, and be filled with my fruits. 20 For my memory is sweeter than honey, and my inheritance than the honeycomb. 21 Those who eat me will be hungry for more. Those who drink me will be thirsty for more. 22 He who obeys me will not be ashamed. Those who work with me will not sin.”⁠

Wisdom and the Covenant

23 All these things are the book of the covenant of the Most High God, the law which Moses commanded us for an inheritance for the assemblies of Jacob.⁠ 25 It is he who makes wisdom abundant, like the Pishon, and like the Tigris in the days of first fruits.⁠ 26 He makes understanding full like the Euphrates, and like the Jordan in the days of harvest, 27 who makes instruction shine like the light, like the Gihon in the days of grape harvest. 28 The first man didn’t know her perfectly. In the same way, the last has not explored her.⁠ 29 For her thoughts are filled from the sea, and her advice from the great deep.

Teaching for Future Generations

30 I came out like a canal stream from a river, and like an irrigation ditch into a garden. 31 I said, “I will water my garden, and will drench my garden bed.” Look, my stream became a river, and my river became a sea. 32 I will yet bring instruction to light like the morning, and will make these things clear from far away.⁠ 33 I will continue to pour out teaching like prophecy, and leave it to all generations.⁠ 34 See that I have not worked only for myself, but for all those who diligently seek wisdom.

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Texts in conversation

Compare LXX Deuteronomy 33:4 and Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach 24:23

Septuagint · Deuterocanon

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Summary

Sirach 24 includes a quote of the Greek Septuagint translation of Deuteronomy 33, showing that its author treated this version as scripture. The Torah was not only in use but its Greek translations were gaining recognition as authoritative.

Passages

LXX Deuteronomy 33:4

Septuagint
2 And he said, The Lord has come from Sinai, and has appeared from Seir to us, and has hastened out of the mount of Paran, with the ten thousands of Kadesh; on his right hand were his angels with him. 3 And he spared his people, and all his sanctified ones are under your hands; and they are under you; and he received of his words 4 the law which Moses charged us, an inheritance to the assemblies of Jacob. 5 And he shall be prince with the beloved one, when the princes of the people are gathered together with the tribes of Israel. 6 Let Reuben live, and not die; and let him be many in number.
300–201 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in LXX Deuteronomy

Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach 24:23

Deuterocanon · Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus
22 He who obeys me will not be ashamed.
Those who work with me will not sin.”
23 All these things are the book of the covenant of the Most High God,
the law which Moses commanded us for an inheritance
for the assemblies of Jacob.
25 It is he who makes wisdom abundant, like the Pishon,
and like the Tigris in the days of first fruits.
26 He makes understanding full like the Euphrates,
and like the Jordan in the days of harvest,
27 who makes instruction shine like the light,
like the Gihon in the days of grape harvest.
195–175 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach

References

"... Scholars have identified Ben Sira’s scriptural corpus as some unified form of at least the Torah and Prophets. Ben Sira frequently mentions the term Law to refer to divine commandments generally (Sirach 32:24; 33:2; 41:8). Nevertheless, throughout his book he at times refers to νόμος ('law') to indicate a specific writing that he considered to be divine Scripture: All these things are the book of the covenant of the Most High God, the law that Moses commanded as an inheritance for the congregation of Jacob. (Sirach 24:23) While Ben Sira elsewhere refers generally to the Mosaic covenant linked to a law of the Most High (Sirach 42:2; 44:20), here he makes explicit that this law is linked to an explicit book. This book is some early version of the Hebrew Pentateuch. This reliance on a version of the Mosaic Torah is strengthened by the fact that Sirach 24:23 appears to be an almost verbatim citation of LXX Deuteronomy 33:4. While one cannot know the exact text-form used by Ben Sira, this indicates that there was a written form of the Mosaic Torah/Law that was regarded as scriptural or authoritative for the children of Israel ..."
Peter Beckman, “Ben Sira’s Canon Conscious Interpretive Strategies: His Narrative History and Realization of the Jewish Scriptures,” Them 46.3 (2021): 562–575.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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LXX Deuteronomy 33:4 and Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach 24:23

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