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About this book

Sirach

Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus

About this book

God’s Gifts to Humanity

Chapter 17

1 The Lord created mankind out of earth, and turned them back to it again. 2 He gave them a numbered span of days, and a set time, and gave them authority over the things that are on it. 3 He endowed them with strength suited to them, and made them according to his own image.⁠ 4 He put the fear of man on all flesh, and gave him authority over beasts and birds. 6 He gave them judgment, tongue, eyes, ears, and heart to have understanding. 7 He filled them with the knowledge of wisdom, and showed them good and evil. 8 He set his eye on their hearts, to show them the majesty of his works. 10 And they will praise his holy name, so that they may declare the majesty of his works.

11 He added to them knowledge, and gave them a law of life as an inheritance. 12 He made an everlasting covenant with them, and showed them his decrees. 13 Their eyes saw the majesty of his glory. Their ears heard the glory of his voice. 14 He said to them, “Beware of all wrongdoing.” So he gave each man commands concerning his neighbor.

God Sees Human Conduct

15 Their ways are always before him. They will not be hidden from his eyes. 17 For every nation he appointed a ruler, but Israel is the Lord’s portion.⁠ 19 All their works are as clear as the sun before him. His eyes are continually on their ways. 20 Their wrongdoing are not hidden from him. All their sins are before the Lord.

22 To him, a man’s gifts to the poor are like a signet. He will keep a man’s kindness like the pupil of the eye. 23 Afterward he will rise up and repay them, and give their repayment on their heads. 24 However to those who repent he grants a return. He comforts those who are losing hope.

Repentance and Divine Mercy

25 Return to the Lord, and abandon sins. Pray in his presence and offend less.⁠ 26 Turn again to the Most High, and turn away from wrongdoing. Hate what is detestable deeply. 27 Who will give praise to the Most High in Hades, in place of the living who return thanks? 28 Thanksgiving dies away among the dead, as from one who doesn’t exist. Anyone who is alive and healthy will praise the Lord. 29 How great is the mercy of the Lord, and his forgiveness to those who turn to him!

30 For humans are not capable of everything, because the son of man is not immortal. 31 What is brighter than the sun? Yet even this can be eclipsed. So flesh and blood devise evil. 32 He looks on the power of the height of heaven, while all men are earth and ashes.

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Texts in conversation

Compare Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach 17:26 and 2 Timothy 2:19

Deuterocanon · New Testament

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Summary

2 Timothy echoes language from Sirach that being faithful to God means turning away from sin. Both connect personal devotion with moral behavior, showing that early Christian teaching used Jewish wisdom traditions when shaping ideas about repentance.

Passages

Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach 17:26

Deuterocanon · Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus
22 To him, a man’s gifts to the poor are like a signet.
He will keep a man’s kindness like the pupil of the eye.
23 Afterward he will rise up and repay them,
and give their repayment on their heads.
24 However to those who repent he grants a return.
He comforts those who are losing hope.
25 Return to the Lord, and abandon sins.
Pray in his presence and offend less.
26 Turn again to the Most High, and turn away from wrongdoing.
Hate what is detestable deeply.
27 Who will give praise to the Most High in Hades,
in place of the living who return thanks?
28 Thanksgiving dies away among the dead, as from one who doesn’t exist.
Anyone who is alive and healthy will praise the Lord.
195–175 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach

2 Timothy 2:19

New Testament
16 But avoid profane chatter because those occupied with it will stray further and further into ungodliness, 17 and their message will spread its infection like gangrene. Hymenaeus and Philetus are in this group. 18 They have strayed from the truth by saying that the resurrection has already occurred, and they are undermining some people’s faith. 19 However, God’s solid foundation remains standing, bearing this seal: “The Lord knows those who are his,” and “Everyone who confesses the name of the Lord must turn away from evil.” 20 Now in a wealthy home there are not only gold and silver vessels, but also ones made of wood and of clay, and some are for honorable use, but others for ignoble use. 21 So if someone cleanses himself of such behavior, he will be a vessel for honorable use, set apart, useful for the Master, prepared for every good work.
100 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 2 Timothy

References

"... Since Jesus was acknowledged as Lord of the early Christian (Romans 10:9: Matthew 28:19: passim), it is likely that his early followers also accepted and made use of the same sacred texts that he favored in his teaching mission. What books did the early Christians use as sacred texts? It is remarkable that they cite or allude to the same books and with almost the same frequency as we find in Jesus' teachings, especially the Psalms, Isaiah, Deuteronomy, and some noncanonical writings. Did the rest of the New Testament writers and the early church also acknowledge as Scripture some of the books that we now call noncanonical writings? Peter Stuhlmacher lists a number of the parallels and allusions to noncanonical literature in the New Testament writing. See, for example, the following ... 2 Timothy 2:19 appears to cite Sirach 17:26 along with Numbers 16:5 ..."
Lee Martin McDonald, "The Scriptures of Jesus" in Charlesworth, James H. (ed.) Jesus Research: New Methodologies and Perceptions: The Second Princeton-Prague Symposium on Jesus Research (Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans, 2007), 844.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach 17:26 and 2 Timothy 2:19

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