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Sirach

Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus

About this book

Children and Their Character

Chapter 16

1 Don’t desire many worthless children, or delight in ungodly sons. 2 If they multiply, don’t delight in them unless the fear of the Lord is in them. 3 Don’t trust in their life. Don’t rely on their numbers, for one can be better than a thousand, and it can be better to die childless than to have ungodly children.⁠ 4 For from one who has understanding, a city will be populated, but a race of wicked men will be left desolate. 5 I have seen many such things with my eyes. My ear has heard greater things than these.

Judgment on the Disobedient

6 In a congregation of sinners, a fire will be ignited. In a disobedient nation, anger is ignited.⁠ 7 He was not lenient toward the ancient giants, who revolted in their strength.⁠ 8 He didn’t spare Lot’s neighbors, whom he detested for their pride.⁠ 9 He didn’t pity the people doomed to destruction who were taken away in their sins, 10 or in the same way, the six hundred thousand foot soldiers who were gathered together in the hardness of their hearts.⁠

11 Even if there is one stiff-necked person, it is amazing if he goes unpunished, for mercy and anger are both with him who is mighty to forgive, and he pours out anger. 12 His discipline is as great as his mercy.⁠ He judges a man according to his works.⁠ 13 The sinner will not escape with stolen goods. The perseverance of the godly will not be frustrated. 14 He will make room for every work of mercy. Each man will receive according to his works.⁠

The Claim That God Does Not See

17 Don’t say, “I will be hidden from the Lord. Who will remember me from above? I will not be known among so many people, for what is my soul in a boundless creation? 18 Look, heaven, the heaven of heavens, the deep, and the earth, will shake when he visits.⁠ 19 The mountains and the foundations of the earth together are shaken with trembling when he looks at them. 20 No heart will think about these things. Who could comprehend his ways?⁠ 21 Like a storm that no one can see, most of his works are hidden. 22 Who will declare his works of righteousness? Who will wait for them? For his covenant is far away.” 23 He who is lacking in understanding thinks about these things. A foolish, misguided man thinks foolishly.

The Order of Creation

24 My son, listen to me, learn knowledge, and pay attention to my words with your heart. 25 I will give instruction with precision, and declare knowledge exactly.

26 The Lord’s works have been under his judgment from the beginning. From the time he made them he determined their boundaries.⁠ 27 He arranged his works for all time, and their beginnings for their generations. They aren’t hungry or weary, and they don’t stop their works. 28 No one pushes aside his neighbor. They will never disobey his word. 29 After this also the Lord looked at the earth and filled it with his blessings. 30 Every kind of living things covered its surface, and they return to it.

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Texts in conversation

Compare Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach 16:26 and Dionysius of Alexandria, Miscellaneous Writings 1:23–24

Deuterocanon · Early Christian

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Summary

The Christian theologian Dionysius of Alexandria uses Sirach as an authoritative source to teach about the order and harmony of creation, repeating its account of how God created everything to last forever.

Passages

Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach 16:26

Deuterocanon · Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus
24 My son, listen to me, learn knowledge,
and pay attention to my words with your heart.
25 I will give instruction with precision,
and declare knowledge exactly.
26 The Lord’s works have been under his judgment from the beginning.
From the time he made them he determined their boundaries.
27 He arranged his works for all time,
and their beginnings for their generations.

They aren’t hungry or weary,
and they don’t stop their works.
28 No one pushes aside his neighbor.
They will never disobey his word.
195–175 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach

Dionysius of Alexandria, Miscellaneous Writings 1:23–24

Early Christian
“And the vast and varied community of stars, whom the much-wandering and ever-scattered atoms put together, divided territories among themselves by agreement, as if taking up a colony or settlement, with no founder or master of the house presiding; and they keep their neighborly relations with those next to them under oath and in peace, not overstepping the boundaries they took at the beginning, as if governed by atoms with royal authority. But those do not rule; how could those that do not even exist? But listen to the divine oracles: ‘By the judgment of the Lord are his works. From the beginning and from their making he distinguished their portions; he ordered his works forever, and their beginnings to their generations.’

References

"... In the Bible, the angels are mentioned in several places, but nothing is said about their creation. Many ancient interpreters, therefore, found it necessary to speak about their creation sometime during the first six days. (See, e.g, Sirach 16:26-30; 11Q5 xxxi 'Hymn to the Creator'; 2 Enoch 29:3; Targum Pseudo-Jonathan 1:26; Genesis Rabbah 1:3; Pirke De'Rabbi Eliezar ...) According to Jubilees, the angels were even created on the first day of creation. It occurs as the fourth work of creation on that day (2:2–3), and hence it occupies a central position ..."
Jaques T. A. van Ruiten, “Angelic Authority: Continuities and Transformation in the Angelic World of the Book of Jubilees,” in Representations of Angelic Beings in Early Jewish and in Christian Traditions, ed. Amsalu Tefera and Loren T. Stuckenbruck (Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2021), 47–78.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach 16:26 and Dionysius of Alexandria, Miscellaneous Writings 1:23–24

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