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About this book

Sirach

Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus

About this book

The Origin of Wisdom

Chapter 1

1 All wisdom comes from the Lord, and is with him forever.⁠ 2 Who can count the sand of the seas, the drops of rain, and the days of eternity?⁠ 3 Who will explore the height of the sky, the breadth of the earth, the deep, and wisdom? 4 Wisdom was created before all things,⁠ and prudent understanding from eternity. 6 To whom has the root of wisdom been revealed? Who has known her subtle thoughts? 8 There is one who is wise and greatly to be feared, the Lord, sitting on his throne. 9 He created her. He saw and measured her. He poured her out on all his works.⁠ 10 She is with all flesh according to his gift. He gave her freely to those who love him.

Reverence for God and Wisdom

11 The fear of the Lord is glory, jubilation, gladness, and a crown of rejoicing. 12 The fear of the Lord will delight the heart, and will give gladness, joy, and length of days. 13 For whoever fears the Lord, things will go well at the end. He will be blessed on the day of his death.

14 To fear the Lord is the beginning of wisdom. It was created together with the faithful in the womb. 15 She laid an eternal foundation among people. She will be trusted among their offspring. 16 To fear the Lord is the fullness of wisdom. She intoxicates people with her fruits. 17 She will fill all her house with desirable things, and her storehouses with her produce.

18 The fear of the Lord is the crown of wisdom,⁠ making peace and perfect health flourish. 19 He both saw and measured her. He rained down skill and knowledge of understanding, and exalted the honor of those who hold firmly to her. 20 To fear the Lord is the root of wisdom. Her branches bring long life. 21 The fear of the Lord drives away sins.⁠ Where it resides, it will turn away all anger.

Patience and Humility

22 Unjust anger can never be justified, for his anger tips the scale to his downfall.⁠ 23 A patient person will endure for a time, and afterward joy will spring up for him. 24 He will hide his words until the right moment, and the lips of many will tell of his understanding. 25 A wise saying is in the treasures of wisdom, but godliness is an abomination to a sinner.

26 If you desire wisdom, keep the commandments and the Lord will give her to you freely, 27 for the fear of the Lord is wisdom and instruction. Faith and humility are his good pleasure.⁠ 28 Don’t disobey the fear of the Lord. Don’t come to him with a double heart. 29 Don’t be a hypocrite in people’s sight. Keep watch over your lips. 30 Don’t exalt yourself, so that you do not fall and bring dishonor on your soul. The Lord will reveal your secrets and will cast you down in the middle of the congregation, because you didn’t come to the fear of the Lord and your heart was full of deceit.

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Texts in conversation

Compare Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach 1:2 and Methodius, Fragments

Deuterocanon · Early Christian

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Summary

The Christian theologian Methodius uses Sirach as an authoritative source for teaching about wisdom, repeating its portrayal of wisdom as ancient and immeasurable and showing how it influenced early Christian tradition.

Passages

Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach 1:2

Deuterocanon · Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus
1 All wisdom comes from the Lord,
and is with him forever.
2 Who can count the sand of the seas, the drops of rain,
and the days of eternity?
3 Who will explore the height of the sky, the breadth of the earth,
the deep, and wisdom?
4 Wisdom was created before all things,
and prudent understanding from eternity.
6 To whom has the root of wisdom been revealed?
Who has known her subtle thoughts?
195–175 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach

Methodius, Fragments

Early Christian
For when a thousand years are reckoned as one day in the sight of God, and from the creation of the world to His rest is six days, so also to our time, six days are defined, as those say who are clever arithmeticians. Therefore, they say that an age of six thousand years extends from Adam to our time. For they say that the judgment will come on the seventh day, that is in the seventh thousand years. Therefore, all the days from our time to that which was in the beginning, in which God created the heaven and the earth, are computed to be thirteen days; before which God, because he had as yet created nothing according to their folly, is stripped of His name of Father and Almighty. But if there are thirteen days in the sight of God from the creation of the world, how can Wisdom say, in the Book of the Son of Sirach: Who can number the sand of the sea, and the drops of rain, and the days of eternity? This is what Origen says seriously, and mark how he trifles.
270–310 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Methodius, Fragments

References

"... Turning to the Western Church, the earliest evidence comes from Irenaeus (died 202), who, although he never quotes from the Book of Sirach, includes quotations from Baruch and the Additions to Daniel in his Against Heresies. He cites these as the works of 'Jeremiah the prophet' and 'Daniel the prophet,' respectively, and also quotes from the Wisdom of Solomon. This suggests that he likely considered the books of the Apocrypha as canonical. Tertullian (died 220) also quotes from our book in works such as Against the Gnostics and On the Exhortation of Chastity, using the same formula, "as it is written," that he employs for the Hebrew Canon. Cyprian (died 258), in his Testimonies and letters, frequently quotes from the Book of Sirach and introduces them with phrases like "as it is written" or "Divine Scripture says." Methodius (circa 311), bishop of Lycia and later Tyre, freely quotes from the Book of Sirach, the Wisdom of Solomon, and Baruch, treating them as 'Scripture.' Hilary of Poitiers (died 368) lists the books of the Old Testament in his Prologue to the Book of Psalms, including only the Epistle of Jeremiah from the Apocrypha but adds that some also count the Book of Tobit and the Book of Judith, totaling 24 books to align with the number of Greek letters. Nonetheless, he cites Ecclesiasticus and the Wisdom of Solomon as 'prophets,' implying his belief in their canonicity ..."
R. H. Charles, The Apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha of the Old Testament (Oxford University Press, 1913), 302.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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