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Jeremiah

About this book
Chapter 6

1 “Run for safety, people of Benjamin! Get out of Jerusalem! Sound the trumpet in Tekoa! Light the signal fires at Beth Hakkerem! For disaster lurks out of the north; it will bring great destruction. 2 I will destroy Daughter Zion, who is as delicate and defenseless as a young maiden. 3 Kings will attack her with their armies. They will encamp in siege all around her. Each of them will devastate the portion assigned to him. 4 They will say, ‘Prepare to do battle against it! Come on! Let’s attack it at noon!’ But later they will say, ‘Woe to us! For the day is almost over, and the shadows of evening are getting long. 5 So come on, let’s go ahead and attack it by night and destroy all its fortified buildings.’ 6 All this is because the Lord of Heaven’s Armies has said: ‘Cut down the trees around Jerusalem and build up a siege ramp against its walls. This is the city that is to be punished. Nothing but oppression happens in it. 7 As a well continually pours out fresh water, so it continually pours out wicked deeds. Sounds of violence and destruction echo throughout it. All I see are sick and wounded people.’ 8 So take warning, Jerusalem, or I will abandon you in disgust and make you desolate, a place where no one can live.” 9 This is what the Lord of Heaven’s Armies said to me: “Those who remain in Israel will be like the grapes thoroughly gleaned from a vine.⁠ So go over them again, as though you were a grape harvester passing your hand over the branches one last time.”⁠ 10 I answered, “Who would listen if I spoke to them and warned them? Their ears are so closed that they cannot hear! Indeed, the Lord’s message is offensive to them. They do not like it at all. 11 I am as full of anger as you are, Lord. I am tired of trying to hold it in.” The Lord answered, “Vent it, then, on the children who play in the street and on the young men who are gathered together. Husbands and wives are to be included, as well as the old and those who are advanced in years. 12 Their houses will be turned over to others as will their fields and their wives. For I will unleash my power against those who live in this land,” says the Lord. 13 “That is because, from the least important to the most important of them, all of them are greedy for dishonest gain. Prophets and priests alike, all of them practice deceit. 14 They offer only superficial help for the harm my people have suffered. They say, ‘Everything will be all right!’ But everything is not all right!⁠ 15 Are they ashamed because they have done such shameful things? No, they are not at all ashamed. They do not even know how to blush! So they will die, just like others have died. They will be brought to ruin when I punish them,” says the Lord. 16 The Lord said to his people: “You are standing at the crossroads. So consider your path. Ask where the old, reliable paths are. Ask where the path is that leads to blessing and follow it. If you do, you will find rest for your souls.” But they said, “We will not follow it!” 17 The Lord said, “I appointed prophets as watchmen to warn you, saying, ‘Pay attention to the warning sound of the trumpet!’” But they said, “We will not pay attention!” 18 So the Lord said, “Hear, you nations! Be witnesses and take note of what will happen to these people. 19 Hear this, you peoples of the earth: ‘Take note! I am about to bring disaster on these people. It will come as punishment for their scheming. For they have paid no attention to what I have said, and they have rejected my law. 20 I take no delight when they offer up to me frankincense that comes from Sheba or sweet-smelling cane imported from a faraway land. I cannot accept the burnt offerings they bring me. I get no pleasure from the sacrifices they offer to me.’”⁠ 21 So, this is what the Lord says: “I will assuredly make these people stumble to their doom. Parents and children will stumble and fall to their destruction. Friends and neighbors will die.” 22 This is what the Lord says: “Beware! An army is coming from a land in the north. A mighty nation is stirring into action in faraway parts of the earth. 23 Its soldiers are armed with bows and spears. They are cruel and show no mercy.⁠ They sound like the roaring sea as they ride forth on their horses. Lined up in formation like men going into battle to attack you, Daughter Zion.” 24 The people cry out, “We have heard reports about them. We have become helpless with fear! Anguish grips us, agony like that of a woman giving birth to a baby! 25 Do not go out into the countryside. Do not travel on the roads. For the enemy is there with sword in hand. They are spreading terror everywhere.” 26 So I said, “Oh, my dear people, put on sackcloth and roll in ashes. Mourn with painful sobs as though you had lost your only child. For any moment now that destructive army will come against us.” 27 The Lord said to me, “I have made you like a metal assayer to test my people like ore. You are to observe them and evaluate how they behave.” 28 I reported, “All of them are the most stubborn of rebels! They are as hard as bronze or iron. They go about telling lies. They all deal corruptly. 29 The fiery bellows of judgment burn fiercely. But there is too much dross to be removed. The process of refining them has proved useless. The wicked have not been purged. 30 They are regarded as ‘rejected silver’ because the Lord rejects them.”

Texts in conversation

Compare Jeremiah 6:9 and Luke 6:44

Hebrew Bible · New Testament

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Summary

In Luke, Jesus’ image of gathering grapes draws on Jeremiah’s language of divine judgment, where the remnant of Israel is compared to a vine stripped bare by a grape harvester, placing itself in continuity with the prophetic tradition.

Passages

Jeremiah 6:9

Hebrew Bible
8 So take warning, Jerusalem, or I will abandon you in disgust and make you desolate, a place where no one can live.” 9 This is what the Lord of Heaven’s Armies said to me: “Those who remain in Israel will be like the grapes thoroughly gleaned from a vine. So go over them again, as though you were a grape harvester passing your hand over the branches one last time.” 10 I answered, “Who would listen if I spoke to them and warned them? Their ears are so closed that they cannot hear! Indeed, the Lord’s message is offensive to them. They do not like it at all.
500–401 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Jeremiah

Luke 6:44

New Testament
42 How can you say to your brother, ‘Brother, let me remove the speck from your eye,’ while you yourself don’t see the beam in your own? You hypocrite! First remove the beam from your own eye, and then you can see clearly to remove the speck from your brother’s eye. 43 “For no good tree bears bad fruit, nor again does a bad tree bear good fruit, 44 for each tree is known by its own fruit. For figs are not gathered from thorns, nor are grapes picked from brambles. 45 The good person out of the good treasury of his heart produces good, and the evil person out of his evil treasury produces evil, for his mouth speaks from what fills his heart.
75–85 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Luke

References

"... The Sermon on the Mount’s warning against ‘false prophets’ reverberates in 2 Peter 2:1 (now as in ancient times there are both true and false prophets), in 1 John 4:1 and Didache 11:5–10 (many false prophets have gone out into the world, and they need to be judged by their conduct), and in Revelation 16:13; 19:20; 20:10 (the beast and the false prophet are cast into a lake of burning sulfur), but the idea of false prophets is not original with the Sermon on the Mount: “the concept itself goes back to the Hebrew Bible.” The book of Jeremiah saliently mentions ψευδοπροφῆται (‘false prophets’) nine times. Jeremiah 6 contains a judgment prophecy of the time when the Lord, ‘like a grape-gatherer’ (The word used by Jeremiah is ‘ὁ τρυγῶν’ (‘the grape-gatherer’)). Although Matthew 7:16 uses ‘συλλέγουσιν’ (‘they gather’) to cover the gathering of both grapes and figs, the parallel text in Luke 6:44 uses ‘συλλέγουσιν’ (‘they gather’) for the figs and ‘τρυγῶσιν’ (‘they gather grapes’) for the grapes, thus echoing Jeremiah 6:9 even more closely) will glean the remnant of Israel as if it were a vine; Jeremiah singles out for condemnation ‘the priests and false prophets,’ and he admonishes the people to seek and ‘ask for the ancient paths, where the good way is (ἡ ὁδὸς ἡ ἀγαθή) and walk in it’ (6:9; 13, 16) ..."
John W. Welch, The Sermon on the Mount in the Light of the Temple, SOTSMS (Farnham: Ashgate Publishing Limited, 2009), 175.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Jeremiah 6:9 and Luke 6:44

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