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Jeremiah

About this book
Chapter 19

1 The Lord told Jeremiah, “Go and buy a clay jar from a potter. Take with you some of the leaders of the people and some of the leaders of the priests. 2 Go out to the part of the Hinnom Valley that is near the entrance of the Potsherd Gate. Announce there what I tell you. 3 Say, ‘Listen to the Lord’s message, you kings of Judah and citizens of Jerusalem! This is what the Lord of Heaven’s Armies, the God of Israel, has said, “Look here! I am about to bring a disaster on this place that will make the ears of everyone who hears about it ring.⁠ 4 I will do so because these people have rejected me and have defiled this place. They have offered sacrifices in it to other gods that neither they nor their ancestors nor the kings of Judah knew anything about. They have filled it with the blood of innocent children.⁠ 5 They have built places here for worship of the god Baal so that they could sacrifice their children as burnt offerings to him in the fire.⁠ Such sacrifices are something I never commanded them to make. They are something I never told them to do! Indeed, such a thing never even entered my mind.⁠ 6 So I, the Lord, say: ‘The time will soon come that people will no longer call this place Topheth or the Hinnom Valley. But they will call this valley the Valley of Slaughter! 7 In this place I will thwart the plans of the people of Judah and Jerusalem. I will deliver them over to the power of their enemies who are seeking to kill them. They will die by the sword at the hands of their enemies. I will make their dead bodies food for the birds and wild beasts to eat.⁠ 8 I will make this city an object of horror, a thing to be hissed at. All who pass by it will be filled with horror⁠ and will hiss out their scorn⁠ because of all the disasters that have happened to it. 9 I will reduce the people of this city to desperate straits during the siege imposed on it by their enemies who are seeking to kill them. I will make them so desperate that they will eat the flesh of their own sons and daughters and the flesh of one another.”’”’ 10 The Lord continued, “Now break the jar in front of those who have come here with you. 11 Tell them the Lord of Heaven’s Armies says, ‘I will do just as Jeremiah has done. I will smash this nation and this city as though it were a potter’s vessel that is broken beyond repair. The dead will be buried here in Topheth until there is no more room to bury them.’ 12 I, the Lord, say: ‘That is how I will deal with this city and its citizens. I will make it like Topheth. 13 The houses in Jerusalem and the houses of the kings of Judah will be defiled by dead bodies just like this place, Topheth. For they offered sacrifice to the stars and poured out drink offerings to other gods on the roofs of those houses.’”⁠ 14 Then Jeremiah left Topheth where the Lord had sent him to give that prophecy. He went to the Lord’s temple and stood in its courtyard and called out to all the people. 15 “The Lord of Heaven’s Armies, the God of Israel, says, ‘I will soon bring on this city and all the towns surrounding it all the disaster I threatened to do to it. I will do so because they have stubbornly refused to pay any attention to what I have said!’”

Texts in conversation

Compare Zephaniah 2:15 and Jeremiah 19:8

Hebrew Bible

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Summary

Jeremiah describes Jerusalem becoming a ruin that will cause onlookers to hiss in contempt, and Zephaniah portrays a once-proud city reduced to similar public disdain. Both draw on ancient Near Eastern traditions of judgment and lament.

Passages

Zephaniah 2:15

Hebrew Bible
13 The Lord will attack the north and destroy Assyria. He will make Nineveh a heap of ruins; it will be as barren as the desert. 14 Flocks and herds will lie down in the middle of it, as well as every kind of wild animal. Owls will sleep in the tops of its support pillars; they will hoot through the windows. Rubble will cover the thresholds; even the cedar work will be exposed to the elements. 15 This is how the once-proud city will end up—the city that was so secure. She thought to herself, “I am unique! No one can compare to me!” What a heap of ruins she has become, a place where wild animals live! Everyone who passes by her taunts her and shakes his fist.
600–501 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Zephaniah

Jeremiah 19:8

Hebrew Bible
6 So I, the Lord, say: ‘The time will soon come that people will no longer call this place Topheth or the Hinnom Valley. But they will call this valley the Valley of Slaughter! 7 In this place I will thwart the plans of the people of Judah and Jerusalem. I will deliver them over to the power of their enemies who are seeking to kill them. They will die by the sword at the hands of their enemies. I will make their dead bodies food for the birds and wild beasts to eat. 8 I will make this city an object of horror, a thing to be hissed at. All who pass by it will be filled with horror and will hiss out their scorn because of all the disasters that have happened to it. 9 I will reduce the people of this city to desperate straits during the siege imposed on it by their enemies who are seeking to kill them. I will make them so desperate that they will eat the flesh of their own sons and daughters and the flesh of one another.”’”’ 10 The Lord continued, “Now break the jar in front of those who have come here with you.
500–401 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Jeremiah

References

"... Both parts of Huldah’s oracle presuppose foregoing action in the account of Josiah’s reign. Huldah, for example, refers to the imprecations detailed in the newly-found book of the Torah. Moreover, Josiah sends his delegation to the prophetess because “great is the wrath of YHWH that is kindled against us” because the “fathers” did not abide by the terms of the book (2 Kings 22:13; 2 Chronicles 34:21). YHWH’s kindled wrath is central to the result forecast in Huldah’s words against Judah. Similarly, on hearing the book, Josiah rends his garments (2 Kings 22:11; 2 Chronicles 34:19) and seeks a prophecy: it is this manifestation of concern that triggers YHWH’s oracle of “weal” to the king. (The reference to Josiah’s abasement at YHWH’s words of doom can of course refer to the curses of Deuteronomy, rather than to the first part of Huldah’s own oracle. While 1 Kings 22:19 mentions Judah’s transformation into a proverbial wasteland, such language is present, e.g., in Deuteronomy 28:37 ... The sentiment of this expression is more common in Jeremiah 18:16, 19:8, 24:9, 25:9, 11, 18, 29:18, 42:18, 44:12, 22, 49:13, 51:37 and is picked up in 2 Chronicles 7:20, 29:8, 30:7 and 1 Kings 9:7–8, with an antecedent in Micah 6:16. Compare also Zephaniah 2:15; Lamentations 2:15, 16; Jeremiah 49:17 and the context in Jeremiah 19:8, 49:17) ..."
Baruch Halpern, From Gods to God: The Dynamics of Iron Age Cosmologies, ed. Matthew J. Adams (Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2009), 319.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Comments

  • Nicholas R. Werse, "Realigning the Cosmos: The intertextual image of judgment and restoration in Zephaniah," JSOT 45/1 (2020): 111-127, notes that "How she has come to destruction" ("What a heap of ruins she has become") are also found in Jer 50:23 and 51:41.

    Thomas Renz, June 16, 2025

Zephaniah 2:15 and Jeremiah 19:8

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