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Jeremiah

About this book
Chapter 16

1 The Lord’s message came to me, 2 “Do not get married and do not have children here in this land. 3 For I, the Lord, tell you what will happen to the children who are born here in this land and to the men and women who are their mothers and fathers. 4 They will die of deadly diseases. No one will mourn for them. They will not be buried. Their dead bodies will lie like manure spread on the ground. They will be killed in war or die of starvation. Their corpses will be food for the birds and wild animals.⁠ 5 “Moreover I, the Lord, tell you: ‘Do not go into a house where they are having a funeral meal.⁠ Do not go there to mourn and express your sorrow for them. For I have stopped showing them my good favor, my love, and my compassion. I, the Lord, so affirm it! 6 Rich and poor alike will die in this land. They will not be buried or mourned. People will not cut their bodies or shave off their hair to show their grief for them.⁠ 7 No one will take any food to those who mourn for the dead to comfort them.⁠ No one will give them any wine to drink to console them for the loss of their father or mother. 8 “‘Do not go to a house where people are feasting and sit down to eat and drink with them either. 9 For I, the Lord of Heaven’s Armies, the God of Israel, tell you what will happen. I will put an end to the sounds of joy and gladness, to the glad celebration of brides and grooms in this land. You and the rest of the people will live to see this happen.’ 10 “When you tell these people about all this, they will undoubtedly ask you, ‘Why has the Lord threatened us with such great disaster? What wrong have we done? What sin have we done to offend the Lord our God?’ 11 Then tell them that the Lord says, ‘It is because your ancestors rejected me and paid allegiance to other gods. They have served them and worshiped them. But they have rejected me and not obeyed my law. 12 And you have acted even more wickedly than your ancestors! Each one of you has followed the stubborn inclinations of your own wicked heart and not obeyed me. 13 So I will throw you out of this land into a land that neither you nor your ancestors have ever known. There you must worship other gods day and night, for I will show you no mercy.’ 14 “Yet I, the Lord, say: ‘A new time will certainly come. People now affirm their oaths with “I swear as surely as the Lord lives who delivered the people of Israel out of Egypt.”⁠ 15 But in that time they will affirm them with “I swear as surely as the Lord lives who delivered the people of Israel from the land of the north and from all the other lands where he had banished them.” At that time I will bring them back to the land I gave their ancestors. 16 “But for now I, the Lord, say: ‘I will send many enemies who will catch these people like fishermen. After that I will send others who will hunt them out like hunters from all the mountains, all the hills, and the crevices in the rocks. 17 For I see everything they do. Their wicked ways are not hidden from me. Their sin is not hidden away where I cannot see it. 18 Before I restore them I will punish them in full for their sins and the wrongs they have done. For they have polluted my land with the lifeless statues of their disgusting idols. They have filled the land I have claimed as my own with their detestable idols.’ 19 Then I said, “Lord, you give me strength and protect me. You are the one I can run to for safety when I am in trouble. Nations from all over the earth will come to you and say, ‘Our ancestors had nothing but false gods—worthless idols that could not help them at all.’ 20 Can people make their own gods? No, what they make are not gods at all.” 21 The Lord said, “So I will now let this wicked people know—I will let them know my mighty power in judgment. Then they will know that my name is the Lord.

Texts in conversation

Compare Deuteronomy 28:26 and Jeremiah 16:4

Hebrew Bible

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Summary

Deuteronomy warns that unburied corpses will be food for birds and beasts, highlighting one of the covenant curses for disloyalty. Jeremiah describes those in exile as experiencing this curse, highlighting their dishonor in judgment.

Passages

Deuteronomy 28:26

Hebrew Bible
24 The Lord will make the rain of your land powder and dust; it will come down on you from the sky until you are destroyed. 25 “The Lord will allow you to be struck down before your enemies; you will attack them from one direction but flee from them in seven directions and will become an object of terror to all the kingdoms of the earth. 26 Your carcasses will be food for every bird of the sky and wild animal of the earth, and there will be no one to chase them off. 27 The Lord will afflict you with the boils of Egypt and with tumors, eczema, and scabies, all of which cannot be healed. 28 The Lord will also subject you to madness, blindness, and confusion of mind.
750–400 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Deuteronomy

Jeremiah 16:4

Hebrew Bible
2 “Do not get married and do not have children here in this land. 3 For I, the Lord, tell you what will happen to the children who are born here in this land and to the men and women who are their mothers and fathers. 4 They will die of deadly diseases. No one will mourn for them. They will not be buried. Their dead bodies will lie like manure spread on the ground. They will be killed in war or die of starvation. Their corpses will be food for the birds and wild animals. 5 “Moreover I, the Lord, tell you: ‘Do not go into a house where they are having a funeral meal. Do not go there to mourn and express your sorrow for them. For I have stopped showing them my good favor, my love, and my compassion. I, the Lord, so affirm it! 6 Rich and poor alike will die in this land. They will not be buried or mourned. People will not cut their bodies or shave off their hair to show their grief for them.
500–401 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Jeremiah

References

"... we have a general picture of what is considered “an acceptable death.” In particular the importance of burial is widely attested. Herbert Brichto summarizes the evidence within ancient Israel ... One might add to this description the idea that proper burial confirms the positive reputation of the deceased. “Peaceful burial with one’s ancestors is itself seen as a reward for a good life. In contrast, sinners in the bible are repeatedly cursed with denial of burial. (Bloch-Smith cites Deuteronomy 28:25–26; I Kings 13:22, 14:10–11; Jeremiah 16:4) Explicit expressions of the dread and horror of being left unburied, coupled with an understanding of such a death as severe punishment, appear in many different texts. Deuteronomy 28:26 lists this concern in the midst of a long list of curses: “Your carcasses shall become food for all the birds of the sky and all the beasts of the earth, with none to frighten them off.” In a near echo of that sentiment, Jeremiah 7:33 announces: “The carcasses of this people shall be food for the birds of the sky and the beasts of the earth, with none to frighten them off.” Royalty does not avoid such a fate. In I Kings 14:11, whether they dwell in the town or in the countryside, the descendants of King Jeroboam are doomed to a horrible end. Those of Jeroboam “who die in the town shall be devoured by dogs; and anyone who dies in the open country shall be eaten by the birds of the air.” Isaiah 14:18–20 is another good example of such a punishment, this time meted out against the King of Babylon ..."
Adriane Leveen, Memory and Tradition in the Book of Numbers (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008), 159–160.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Deuteronomy 28:26 and Jeremiah 16:4

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