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Jeremiah

About this book
Chapter 14

1 This was the Lord’s message to Jeremiah about the drought. 2 “The people of Judah are in mourning. The people in her cities are pining away. They lie on the ground expressing their sorrow. Cries of distress come up to me from Jerusalem. 3 The leading men of the cities send their servants for water. They go to the cisterns, but they do not find any water there. They return with their containers empty. Disappointed and dismayed, they bury their faces in their hands. 4 They are dismayed because the ground is cracked because there has been no rain in the land. The farmers, too, are dismayed and bury their faces in their hands.⁠ 5 Even the doe abandons her newborn fawn in the field because there is no grass. 6 Wild donkeys stand on the hilltops⁠ and pant for breath like jackals. Their eyes are strained looking for food, because there is none to be found.” 7 Then I said, “O Lord, intervene for the honor of your name even though our sins speak out against us. Indeed, we have turned away from you many times. We have sinned against you. 8 You have been the object of Israel’s hopes. You have saved them when they were in trouble. Why have you become like a resident foreigner in the land? Why have you become like a traveler who only stops in to spend the night? 9 Why should you be like someone who is helpless, like a champion who cannot save anyone? You are indeed with us, and we belong to you. Do not abandon us!” 10 Then the Lord spoke about these people. “They truly love to go astray. They cannot keep from running away from me. So I am not pleased with them. I will now call to mind the wrongs they have done and punish them for their sins.”⁠ 11 Then the Lord said to me, “Do not pray for good to come to these people! 12 Even if they fast, I will not hear their cries for help. Even if they offer burnt offerings and grain offerings, I will not accept them. Instead, I will kill them through wars, famines, and plagues.”⁠ 13 Then I said, “Oh, Sovereign Lord, look! The prophets are telling them that you said, ‘You will not experience war or suffer famine. I will give you lasting peace and prosperity in this land.’” 14 Then the Lord said to me, “Those prophets are prophesying lies while claiming my authority! I did not send them. I did not commission them. I did not speak to them. They are prophesying to these people false visions, worthless predictions, and the delusions of their own mind. 15 I did not send those prophets, though they claim to be prophesying in my name. They may be saying, ‘No war or famine will happen in this land.’ But I, the Lord, say this about them: ‘War and starvation will kill those prophets.’ 16 The people to whom they are prophesying will die through war and famine. Their bodies will be thrown out into the streets of Jerusalem, and there will be no one to bury them. This will happen to the men and their wives, their sons, and their daughters. For I will pour out on them the destruction they deserve.” 17 “Tell these people this, Jeremiah: ‘My eyes overflow with tears day and night without ceasing. For my virgin daughter, my people, have suffered a crushing blow.45 They have suffered a serious wound.⁠ 18 If I go out into the countryside, I see those who have been killed in battle. If I go into the city, I see those who are sick because of starvation.⁠ For both prophet and priest—they go peddling in the land but they are not humbled.’” 19 Then I said, “Lord, have you completely rejected the nation of Judah? Do you despise the city of Zion? Why have you struck us with such force that we are beyond recovery? We hope for peace, but nothing good has come of it. We hope for a time of relief from our troubles, but experience terror. 20 Lord, we confess that we have been wicked. We confess that our ancestors have done wrong. We have indeed sinned against you.⁠ 21 For the honor of your name, do not treat Jerusalem with contempt. Do not treat with disdain the place where your glorious throne sits. Be mindful of your covenant with us. Do not break it. 22 Do any of the worthless idols of the nations cause rain to fall? Do the skies themselves send showers? Is it not you, O Lord our God, who does this? So we put our hopes in you because you alone do all this.”

Texts in conversation

Compare Leviticus 26:39 and Jeremiah 14:20

Hebrew Bible

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Summary

Jeremiah confesses the sins of the people and those of their ancestors, depicting collective responsibility. This language echoes Leviticus, which describes survivors in exile wasting away because of their own sin and the sin of earlier generations.

Passages

Leviticus 26:39

Hebrew Bible
37 They will stumble over each other as those who flee before a sword, though there is no pursuer, and there will be no one to take a stand for you before your enemies. 38 You will perish among the nations; the land of your enemies will consume you. 39 “‘As for the ones who remain among you, they will rot away because of their iniquity in the lands of your enemies, and they will also rot away because of their ancestors’ iniquities which are with them. 40 However, when they confess their iniquity and their ancestors’ iniquities which they committed by trespassing against me, by which they also walked in hostility against me 41 (and I myself will walk in hostility against them and bring them into the land of their enemies), and then their uncircumcised hearts become humbled and they make up for their iniquities,
750–400 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Leviticus

Jeremiah 14:20

Hebrew Bible
18 If I go out into the countryside, I see those who have been killed in battle. If I go into the city, I see those who are sick because of starvation. For both prophet and priest—they go peddling in the land but they are not humbled.’” 19 Then I said, “Lord, have you completely rejected the nation of Judah? Do you despise the city of Zion? Why have you struck us with such force that we are beyond recovery? We hope for peace, but nothing good has come of it. We hope for a time of relief from our troubles, but experience terror. 20 Lord, we confess that we have been wicked. We confess that our ancestors have done wrong. We have indeed sinned against you. 21 For the honor of your name, do not treat Jerusalem with contempt. Do not treat with disdain the place where your glorious throne sits. Be mindful of your covenant with us. Do not break it. 22 Do any of the worthless idols of the nations cause rain to fall? Do the skies themselves send showers? Is it not you, O Lord our God, who does this? So we put our hopes in you because you alone do all this.”
500–401 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Jeremiah

References

"... Verse 12 continues the statement of Yahweh's presence: "Thus I shall walk in your midst so that I shall be your god and you yourselves shall be my people." The logical development is carefully structured as in previous verses ... Several observations may be made concerning the structure of these two verses: (1) Verse 11 has a complete correspondence of terms (though not of equivalent syntax): (2) "in your midst" concludes both 11a and 12a. This emphasizes the relationship which the divine presence has to the nation. (3) The conceptual equivalent of "I shall grant my dwelling place" is "I shall walk." This supports the conclusion that the meaning is non-technical. It is a reference to Yahweh's dwelling among the people in general. The dwelling is not being limited to a particular geographic location (such as the tabernacle or temple) ... Leviticus 26:6-7; Jeremiah 14:15 / Leviticus 26:25-26; Jeremiah 14:19 / Leviticus 26:44; Jeremiah 14:20 / Leviticus 26:39; Jeremiah 14:21 / Leviticus 26:42, 44; Jeremiah 14:22 / Leviticus 26:1, 2, 12, 13, 44, 45 ..."
William D. Barrick, “Leviticus 26: Its Relationship to Covenant Contexts and Concepts” (ThD diss., Grace Theological Seminary, 1981), 73.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Leviticus 26:39 and Jeremiah 14:20

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