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Isaiah

About this book
Chapter 7

1 During the reign of Ahaz son of Jotham, son of Uzziah, king of Judah, King Rezin of Syria and King Pekah son of Remaliah of Israel marched up to Jerusalem to do battle, but they were unable to prevail against it. 2 It was reported to the family of David, “Syria has allied with Ephraim.” They and their people were emotionally shaken, just as the trees of the forest shake before the wind. 3 So the Lord told Isaiah, “Go out with your son Shear Jashub and meet Ahaz at the end of the conduit of the upper pool that is located on the road to the field where they wash and dry cloth. 4 Tell him, ‘Make sure you stay calm! Don’t be afraid.⁠ Don’t be intimidated by these two stubs of smoking logs, or by the raging anger of Rezin, Syria, and the son of Remaliah. 5 Syria has plotted with Ephraim and the son of Remaliah to bring about your demise. 6 They say, “Let’s attack Judah, terrorize it, and conquer it. Then we’ll set up the son of Tabeel as its king.”⁠ 7 For this reason the Sovereign Lord says: “‘It will not take place; it will not happen. 8 For Syria’s leader is Damascus, and the leader of Damascus is Rezin. Within 65 years Ephraim will no longer exist as a nation. 9 Ephraim’s leader is Samaria, and Samaria’s leader is the son of Remaliah. If your faith does not remain firm, then you will not remain secure.’” 10 The Lord again spoke to Ahaz: 11 “Ask for a confirming sign from the Lord your God. You can even ask for something miraculous.” 12 But Ahaz responded, “I don’t want to ask; I don’t want to put the Lord to a test.”⁠ 13 So Isaiah replied, “Pay attention, family of David. Do you consider it too insignificant to try the patience of men? Is that why you are also trying the patience of my God? 14 For this reason the Lord himself will give you a confirming sign. Look, this young woman is pregnant and will give birth to a son.⁠ You, young woman, will name him Immanuel.⁠ 15 He will eat sour milk and honey, which will help him know how to reject evil and choose what is right.⁠ 16 Here is why this will be so: Before the child knows how to reject evil and choose what is right, the land whose two kings you fear will be desolate.⁠ 17 The Lord will bring on you, your people, and your father’s family a time unlike any since Ephraim departed from Judah—the king of Assyria!” 18 At that time the Lord will whistle for flies from the distant streams of Egypt and for bees from the land of Assyria. 19 All of them will come and make their home in the ravines between the cliffs and in the crevices of the cliffs, in all the thornbushes, and in all the watering holes. 20 At that time the Lord will use a razor hired from the banks of the Euphrates River, the king of Assyria, to shave the hair off the head and private parts; it will also shave off the beard. 21 At that time a man will keep alive a young cow from the herd and a couple of goats. 22 From the abundance of milk they produce, he will have sour milk for his meals. Indeed, everyone left in the heart of the land will eat sour milk and honey. 23 At that time every place where there had been 1,000 vines worth 1,000 silver shekels will be overrun with thorns and briers. 24 With bow and arrow people will hunt there, for the whole land will be covered with thorns and briers. 25 They will stay away from all the hills that were cultivated for fear of the thorns and briers. Cattle will graze there, and sheep will trample on them.

Texts in conversation

Compare Genesis 15:1 and Isaiah 7:4

Hebrew Bible

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Summary

Genesis 15 opens with God telling Abram, “Fear not, I am your shield.” Isaiah 7 uses similar language when Isaiah tells King Ahaz to stay calm and not fear two threatening kings.

Passages

Genesis 15:1

Hebrew Bible
1 After these things the Lord’s message came to Abram in a vision: “Fear not, Abram! I am your shield and the one who will reward you in great abundance.” 2 But Abram said, “O Sovereign Lord, what will you give me since I continue to be childless, and my heir is Eliezer of Damascus?” 3 Abram added, “Since you have not given me a descendant, then look, one born in my house will be my heir!”
750–400 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Genesis

Isaiah 7:4

Hebrew Bible
3 So the Lord told Isaiah, “Go out with your son Shear Jashub and meet Ahaz at the end of the conduit of the upper pool that is located on the road to the field where they wash and dry cloth. 4 Tell him, ‘Make sure you stay calm! Don’t be afraid. Don’t be intimidated by these two stubs of smoking logs, or by the raging anger of Rezin, Syria, and the son of Remaliah. 5 Syria has plotted with Ephraim and the son of Remaliah to bring about your demise. 6 They say, “Let’s attack Judah, terrorize it, and conquer it. Then we’ll set up the son of Tabeel as its king.” 7 For this reason the Sovereign Lord says: “‘It will not take place; it will not happen. 8 For Syria’s leader is Damascus, and the leader of Damascus is Rezin. Within 65 years Ephraim will no longer exist as a nation. 9 Ephraim’s leader is Samaria, and Samaria’s leader is the son of Remaliah. If your faith does not remain firm, then you will not remain secure.’”
740–450 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Isaiah

References

... Another possible origin for Isaiah’s form of prophetic speech lies in royal oracles of salvation for the king in times of national danger. There is an oracle delivered to Esar-haddon, the seventh-century Assyrian king, where the goddess Ishtar says, ‘For days to come and for eternal years I have established your throne beneath the heavens . . . Fear not, O king! I have not rejected you.’ There is an Old Testament parallel in Genesis 15, which begins, ‘The word of Yahweh came to Abram in a vision, “Do not be afraid, Abram. I am your shield”’ (15:1). Isaiah might thus be using a form which assures Ahaz of the security of his throne and his dynasty, and telling him that he must have confidence in the power of the God who promises these things to bring them about. However, neither of these ancient parallels is quite equivalent to the message of Isaiah. Isaiah is not saying, in either crisis, that there is no need to fear; rather he is saying that deliverance is conditional on not fearing: ‘if you will not believe, you will not be established’ ...
John Barton, Ethics in Ancient Israel (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014), 132.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Genesis 15:1 and Isaiah 7:4

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