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Isaiah

About this book
Chapter 59

1 Look, the Lord’s hand is not too weak to deliver you; his ear is not too deaf to hear you. 2 But your sinful acts have alienated you from your God; your sins have caused him to reject you and not listen to your prayers.⁠ 3 For your hands are stained with blood⁠ and your fingers with sin; your lips speak lies, your tongue utters malicious words. 4 No one is concerned about justice; no one sets forth his case truthfully. They depend on false words and tell lies; they conceive of oppression and give birth to sin. 5 They hatch the eggs of a poisonous snake and spin a spider’s web. Whoever eats their eggs will die, a poisonous snake is hatched. 6 Their webs cannot be used for clothing; they cannot cover themselves with what they make. Their deeds are sinful; they commit violent crimes. 7 They are eager to do evil, quick to shed innocent blood.⁠ Their thoughts are sinful; they crush and destroy. 8 They are unfamiliar with peace; their deeds are unjust. They use deceitful methods, and whoever deals with them is unfamiliar with peace. 9 For this reason deliverance is far from us and salvation does not reach us. We wait for light, but see only darkness; we wait for a bright light, but live in deep darkness.⁠ 10 We grope along the wall like the blind, we grope like those who cannot see; we stumble at noontime as if it were evening. Though others are strong, we are like dead men. 11 We all growl like bears, we coo mournfully like doves; we wait for deliverance, but there is none, for salvation, but it is far from us. 12 For you are aware of our many rebellious deeds, and our sins testify against us; indeed, we are aware of our rebellious deeds; we know our sins all too well. 13 We have rebelled and tried to deceive the Lord;⁠ we turned back from following our God. We stir up oppression and rebellion; we tell lies we concocted in our minds. 14 Justice is driven back; godliness stands far off. Indeed, honesty stumbles in the city square and morality is not even able to enter. 15 Honesty has disappeared; the one who tries to avoid evil is robbed. The Lord watches and is displeased, for there is no justice. 16 He sees there is no advocate; he is shocked that no one intervenes. So he takes matters into his own hands; his desire for justice drives him on. 17 He wears his desire for justice like body armor, and his desire to deliver is like a helmet on his head. He puts on the garments of vengeance and wears zeal like a robe.⁠ 18 He repays them for what they have done, dispensing angry judgment to his adversaries and punishing his enemies. He repays the coastlands.⁠ 19 In the west, people respect the Lord’s reputation; in the east they recognize his splendor. For he comes like a rushing stream driven on by wind sent from the Lord. 20 “A protector comes to Zion, to those in Jacob who repent of their rebellious deeds,”⁠ says the Lord. 21 “As for me, this is my promise to them,” says the Lord. “My Spirit, who is upon you, and my words, which I have placed in your mouth, will not depart from your mouth or from the mouths of your children and descendants from this time forward,” says the Lord.

Texts in conversation

Compare Isaiah 59:20 and LXX Isaiah 59:20

Hebrew Bible · Septuagint

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Summary

Isaiah 59 says a redeemer will come to Zion for those who turn from sin. The Greek translation in the Septuagint shifts this to a redeemer who comes on behalf of Zion and turns away Gentile godlessness.

Passages

Isaiah 59:20

Hebrew Bible
19 In the west, people respect the Lord’s reputation; in the east they recognize his splendor. For he comes like a rushing stream driven on by wind sent from the Lord. 20 “A protector comes to Zion, to those in Jacob who repent of their rebellious deeds,” says the Lord. 21 “As for me, this is my promise to them,” says the Lord. “My Spirit, who is upon you, and my words, which I have placed in your mouth, will not depart from your mouth or from the mouths of your children and descendants from this time forward,” says the Lord.
740–450 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Isaiah

LXX Isaiah 59:20

Septuagint
19 So they will of the west fear the name of the Lord, and they that come from the rising of the sun his glorious name: for the fierce anger of the Lord shall come as a mighty river, it shall come with fury. 20 And the deliverer shall come for Zion's sake, and shall turn away ungodliness from Jacob. 21 And this shall be my covenant with them, said the Lord; My Spirit which is upon you, and the words which I have put in your mouth, shall never fail from your mouth, nor from the mouth of your seed, for the Lord has spoken it, from now on and for ever.
100–1 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in LXX Isaiah

References

"... A slightly odd translation at Isaiah 59.20 may signal that the intention of the Hebrew text has been substantially subverted in the Greek text. At the close of an oracle that describes the Divine Warrior’s victory over the nations, the Masoretic Text 59.20 has the following: “And he will come to Zion (as) a redeemer, to those in Jacob who turn (from) transgression — an oracle of the Lord.”... It is noteworthy that, in the Septuagint, the redeemer comes on Zion’s behalf. This motivation is fleshed out by his activity of turning back ungodliness from Jacob. The Hebrew text — in which he comes to those in Jacob who themselves have turned — knows nothing of this activity at all. In view of the preceding context, it is possible that the most natural reading of Septuagint 59.20 makes Zion/Jacob the virtuous benefactor of the Lord’s military ejection of Gentile godlessness from their midst. It is difficult — though not impossible — to reconcile ἔνεκεν and ἀποστρέψει ἀπό with any other view. If this is what the translator has intended, then we have in Septuagint 59.20 a glimpse of Diaspora hope not only to return to Zion, but also of the Warrior/Redeemer’s cleansing of the mother city itself, perhaps from foreign occupation or influence. ..."
David A. Baer, When We All Go Home: Translation and Theology in LXX Isaiah 56–66, JSOTSup 318 (Sheffield: Sheffield Academic, 2001), 226–227.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Isaiah 59:20 and LXX Isaiah 59:20

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