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Isaiah

About this book
Chapter 59

1 Look, the Lord’s hand is not too weak to deliver you; his ear is not too deaf to hear you. 2 But your sinful acts have alienated you from your God; your sins have caused him to reject you and not listen to your prayers.⁠ 3 For your hands are stained with blood⁠ and your fingers with sin; your lips speak lies, your tongue utters malicious words. 4 No one is concerned about justice; no one sets forth his case truthfully. They depend on false words and tell lies; they conceive of oppression and give birth to sin. 5 They hatch the eggs of a poisonous snake and spin a spider’s web. Whoever eats their eggs will die, a poisonous snake is hatched. 6 Their webs cannot be used for clothing; they cannot cover themselves with what they make. Their deeds are sinful; they commit violent crimes. 7 They are eager to do evil, quick to shed innocent blood.⁠ Their thoughts are sinful; they crush and destroy. 8 They are unfamiliar with peace; their deeds are unjust. They use deceitful methods, and whoever deals with them is unfamiliar with peace. 9 For this reason deliverance is far from us and salvation does not reach us. We wait for light, but see only darkness; we wait for a bright light, but live in deep darkness.⁠ 10 We grope along the wall like the blind, we grope like those who cannot see; we stumble at noontime as if it were evening. Though others are strong, we are like dead men. 11 We all growl like bears, we coo mournfully like doves; we wait for deliverance, but there is none, for salvation, but it is far from us. 12 For you are aware of our many rebellious deeds, and our sins testify against us; indeed, we are aware of our rebellious deeds; we know our sins all too well. 13 We have rebelled and tried to deceive the Lord;⁠ we turned back from following our God. We stir up oppression and rebellion; we tell lies we concocted in our minds. 14 Justice is driven back; godliness stands far off. Indeed, honesty stumbles in the city square and morality is not even able to enter. 15 Honesty has disappeared; the one who tries to avoid evil is robbed. The Lord watches and is displeased, for there is no justice. 16 He sees there is no advocate; he is shocked that no one intervenes. So he takes matters into his own hands; his desire for justice drives him on. 17 He wears his desire for justice like body armor, and his desire to deliver is like a helmet on his head. He puts on the garments of vengeance and wears zeal like a robe.⁠ 18 He repays them for what they have done, dispensing angry judgment to his adversaries and punishing his enemies. He repays the coastlands.⁠ 19 In the west, people respect the Lord’s reputation; in the east they recognize his splendor. For he comes like a rushing stream driven on by wind sent from the Lord. 20 “A protector comes to Zion, to those in Jacob who repent of their rebellious deeds,”⁠ says the Lord. 21 “As for me, this is my promise to them,” says the Lord. “My Spirit, who is upon you, and my words, which I have placed in your mouth, will not depart from your mouth or from the mouths of your children and descendants from this time forward,” says the Lord.

Texts in conversation

Compare Isaiah 59:17 and 1 Thessalonians 5:8

Hebrew Bible · New Testament

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Summary

1 Thessalonians uses imagery from Isaiah where God arms himself with righteousness and salvation like armor. In Isaiah, this describes God acting to bring justice, while in 1 Thessalonians people now wear this armor as a sign of their faithfulness.

Passages

Isaiah 59:17

Hebrew Bible
15 Honesty has disappeared; the one who tries to avoid evil is robbed. The Lord watches and is displeased, for there is no justice. 16 He sees there is no advocate; he is shocked that no one intervenes. So he takes matters into his own hands; his desire for justice drives him on. 17 He wears his desire for justice like body armor, and his desire to deliver is like a helmet on his head. He puts on the garments of vengeance and wears zeal like a robe. 18 He repays them for what they have done, dispensing angry judgment to his adversaries and punishing his enemies. He repays the coastlands. 19 In the west, people respect the Lord’s reputation; in the east they recognize his splendor. For he comes like a rushing stream driven on by wind sent from the Lord.
740–450 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Isaiah

1 Thessalonians 5:8

New Testament
6 So then we must not sleep as the rest, but must stay alert and sober. 7 For those who sleep, sleep at night, and those who get drunk are drunk at night. 8 But since we are of the day, we must stay sober by putting on the breastplate of faith and love and as a helmet our hope for salvation. 9 For God did not destine us for wrath but for gaining salvation through our Lord Jesus Christ. 10 He died for us so that whether we are alert or asleep, we will come to life together with him.
41–51 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 1 Thessalonians

References

"... It is interesting that Plutarch the moralist also urges his audience to be awake and sober and contrasts this with being asleep or drunk using these same terms (Prin. iner. 781D). 1 Thessalonians 5:7 is a sort of gloss on, or illustration from ordinary life of what has just been said, explaining that sleepers and those who get drunk generally do so at night. The implication is that Christians are not of the night, nor should they be given to these sorts of “night moves.” “What is true at the level of everyday human experience applies on the religious and ethical plane.” Christians are held to God’s twenty-four hours of daytime standard. Verse 8 states the consequences of being daytime people. We must be awake, sober, and put on the appropriate clothing to deal with the “slings and arrows of outrageous fortune.” Notice the reference here to the famous triad—faith, hope, and love (compare 1 Thessalonians 1:3; 1 Corinthians 13). Here we have the breastplate of faith and love, and the helmet is said to be the hope of salvation, seen as something to be experienced in the future, an imagery further developed in Ephesians 6:14–17. In both texts there is an indebtedness to Isaiah 59:17 where God wears the helmet of salvation on his head ..."
Ben Witherington III, The Problem with Evangelical Theology: Testing the Exegetical Foundations of Calvinism, Dispensationalism, and Wesleyanism (Waco, TX: Baylor University Press, 2005), 128.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Isaiah 59:17 and 1 Thessalonians 5:8

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