Go to Related Reading
About this book

Isaiah

About this book
Chapter 58

1 “Shout loudly! Don’t be quiet! Yell as loudly as a trumpet! Confront my people with their rebellious deeds; confront Jacob’s family with their sin. 2 They seek me day after day; they want to know my requirements, like a nation that does what is right and does not reject the law of their God. They ask me for just decrees; they want to be near God. 3 They lament, ‘Why don’t you notice when we fast? Why don’t you pay attention when we humble ourselves?’ Look, at the same time you fast, you satisfy your selfish desires, you oppress your workers. 4 Look, your fasting is accompanied by arguments, brawls, and fistfights. Do not fast as you do today, trying to make your voice heard in heaven. 5 Is this really the kind of fasting I want? Do I want a day when people merely humble themselves, bowing their heads like a reed and stretching out on sackcloth and ashes? Is this really what you call a fast, a day that is pleasing to the Lord? 6 No, this is the kind of fast I want: I want you to remove the sinful chains, to tear away the ropes of the burdensome yoke, to set free the oppressed, and to break every burdensome yoke. 7 I want you to share your food with the hungry⁠ and to provide shelter for homeless, oppressed people. When you see someone naked, clothe them!⁠ Don’t turn your back on your own flesh and blood. 8 Then your light will shine like the sunrise; your restoration will quickly arrive; your godly behavior will go before you, and the Lord’s splendor will be your rear guard. 9 Then you will call out, and the Lord will respond; you will cry out, and he will reply, ‘Here I am.’ You must remove the burdensome yoke from among you and stop pointing fingers and speaking sinfully.⁠ 10 You must actively help the hungry and feed the oppressed. Then your light will dispel the darkness, and your darkness will be transformed into noonday. 11 The Lord will continually lead you; he will feed you even in parched regions. He will give you renewed strength, and you will be like a well-watered garden, like a spring that continually produces water.⁠ 12 Your perpetual ruins will be rebuilt; you will reestablish the ancient foundations. You will be called, ‘The one who repairs broken walls, the one who makes the streets inhabitable again.’ 13 You must observe the Sabbath rather than doing anything you please on my holy day. You must look forward to the Sabbath and treat the Lord’s holy day with respect. You must treat it with respect by refraining from your normal activities and by refraining from your selfish pursuits and from making business deals. 14 Then you will find joy in your relationship to the Lord, and I will give you great prosperity, and cause crops to grow on the land I gave to your ancestor Jacob.” Know for certain that the Lord has spoken.

Texts in conversation

Compare Code of Hammurabi §127 and Isaiah 58:9

Ancient Near East, Babylonian · Hebrew Bible

Share:

Summary

In Isaiah 58, the pointing finger echoes the gesture of accusation found in the Code of Hammurabi, connecting the rejection of harmful accusations with care for the hungry and oppressed as requirements for restored relations with God.

Passages

Code of Hammurabi §127

Ancient Near East, Babylonian · Babylonian Legal Text
127 If anyone points the finger at a sister of a god or at another man's wife and cannot prove the charge, that man shall be taken before the judges, and his brow shall be marked. 128 If a man takes a woman as his wife but has no intercourse with her, this woman is no wife to him. 129 If a man's wife is caught lying with another man, both shall be bound and thrown into the water, but the husband may spare his wife, and the king may spare his servant. 130 If a man rapes the betrothed wife of another man, who has never known a man and still lives in her father's house, and he is caught lying with her, that man shall be put to death, but the woman is blameless.
1750 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in the Code of Hammurabi

Isaiah 58:9

Hebrew Bible
7 I want you to share your food with the hungry and to provide shelter for homeless, oppressed people. When you see someone naked, clothe them! Don’t turn your back on your own flesh and blood. 8 Then your light will shine like the sunrise; your restoration will quickly arrive; your godly behavior will go before you, and the Lord’s splendor will be your rear guard. 9 Then you will call out, and the Lord will respond; you will cry out, and he will reply, ‘Here I am.’ You must remove the burdensome yoke from among you and stop pointing fingers and speaking sinfully. 10 You must actively help the hungry and feed the oppressed. Then your light will dispel the darkness, and your darkness will be transformed into noonday.
740–450 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Isaiah

References

“... 58:9. pointing the finger. In the ancient world pointing the finger was involved in a formal accusation (as in Hammurabi’s laws). The omen literature attaches to the gesture the power of a curse. Here it is indicative of malevolent slander. ...”
John H. Walton, Victor H. Matthews, and Mark W. Chavalas, The IVP Bible Background Commentary: Old Testament (Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 2000), 638.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

Your feedback

Code of Hammurabi §127 and Isaiah 58:9

Leave a comment

Your questions and comments are welcome!

Comments

Glossary

Search the Library