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Isaiah

About this book
Chapter 57

1 The godly perish, but no one cares. Honest people disappear, when no one minds that the godly disappear because of evil.⁠ 2 Those who live uprightly enter a place of peace; they rest on their beds.⁠ 3 “But approach, you sons of omen readers, you offspring of adulteresses and prostitutes! 4 At whom are you laughing? At whom are you opening your mouth and sticking out your tongue? You are the children of rebels, the offspring of liars, 5 you who inflame your lusts among the oaks and under every green tree, who slaughter children near the streams under the rocky overhangs. 6 Among the smooth stones of the stream are the idols you love; they, they are the object of your devotion. You pour out liquid offerings to them, you make an offering. Because of these things how can I relent from judgment? 7 On every high, elevated hill you prepare your bed; you go up there to offer sacrifices. 8 Behind the door and doorpost you put your symbols.⁠ Indeed, you depart from me and go up and invite them into bed with you. You purchase favors from them; you love their bed, and gaze longingly on their naked bodies.⁠ 9 You take olive oil as tribute to your king, along with many perfumes. You send your messengers to a distant place; you go all the way to Sheol. 10 Because of the long distance you must travel, you get tired, but you do not say, ‘I give up.’ You get renewed energy, so you don’t collapse. 11 Whom are you worried about? Whom do you fear, that you would act so deceitfully and not remember me or think about me? Because I have been silent for so long, you are not afraid of me. 12 I will denounce your so-called righteousness and your deeds, but they will not help you. 13 When you cry out for help, let your idols help you! The wind blows them all away, a breeze carries them away. But the one who looks to me for help will inherit the land and will have access to my holy mountain.” 14 He says, “Build it! Build it! Clear a way! Remove all the obstacles out of the way of my people!” 15 For this is what the high and exalted one says, the one who rules forever,⁠ whose name is holy: “I dwell in an exalted and holy place, but also with the discouraged and humiliated,⁠ in order to cheer up the humiliated and to encourage the discouraged.⁠ 16 For I will not be hostile forever or perpetually angry, for then man’s spirit would grow faint before me, the life-giving breath I created. 17 I was angry because of their sinful greed;⁠ I attacked them and angrily rejected them, yet they remained disobedient and stubborn. 18 I have seen their behavior, but I will heal them. I will lead them, and I will provide comfort to them and those who mourn with them.⁠ 19 I am the one who gives them reason to celebrate. Complete prosperity is available both to those who are far away and those who are nearby,”⁠ says the Lord, “and I will heal them. 20 But the wicked are like a surging sea that is unable to be quiet; its waves toss up mud and sand.⁠ 21 There will be no prosperity, ” says my God, “for the wicked.”

Texts in conversation

Compare KTU 1.10 III:6 and Isaiah 57:15

Ancient Near East, Ugaritic · Hebrew Bible

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Summary

Isaiah 57 joins the eternal life associated with El in the Ugaritic text KTU 1.10 to God's care for the humble, making the ageless ruler a source of renewed life for discouraged people.

Passages

KTU 1.10 III:6

Ancient Near East, Ugaritic · Cuneiform Texts from Ugarit
[…] the cows give birth […] a bull for the Maiden Anat, and […] for the In-law of the Peoples. And Mighty [Baal] answers: “[…] as our creator […] like the eternal one who formed […]” Baal strides […] the god Haddu […] the Maiden, yes the Maiden [Anat], and the loveliest of the sisters of [Baal]. Baal goes up on the [mountain], and the son of Dagan on […] Baal sits on the throne of [his kingship], the son of Dagan on the seat of [his dominion]. […] the bull […] […] the bull […] She goes and soars […] among the lovely, among the [beautiful]. A cow, a cow […] she bears a bull […] and a wild ox for […] She embraces the [cow], she embraces the cow […] and covers him with her breast.
1350–1185 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in KTU

Isaiah 57:15

Hebrew Bible
14 He says, “Build it! Build it! Clear a way! Remove all the obstacles out of the way of my people!” 15 For this is what the high and exalted one says, the one who rules forever, whose name is holy: “I dwell in an exalted and holy place, but also with the discouraged and humiliated, in order to cheer up the humiliated and to encourage the discouraged. 16 For I will not be hostile forever or perpetually angry, for then man’s spirit would grow faint before me, the life-giving breath I created. 17 I was angry because of their sinful greed; I attacked them and angrily rejected them, yet they remained disobedient and stubborn. 18 I have seen their behavior, but I will heal them. I will lead them, and I will provide comfort to them and those who mourn with them.
740–450 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Isaiah

References

“... In Israel the characteristics and epithets of El became part of the repertoire of descriptions of Yahweh. [...] In KTU 1.10 III 6 El is called drd⟨r⟩, “ageless one,” and in KTU 1.3 V and 1.4 V, Anat and Asherah both affirm the eternity of his wisdom. His eternity is also expressed in his epithet, ‘ab šnm, “father of years.” [...] Similarly, Yahweh is described as the aged patriarchal god (Ps. 102:28; Job 36:26; Isa. 40:28; cf. Ps. 90:10; Isa. 57:15; Hab. 3:6; Dan. 6:26; 2 Esdras 8:20; Tobit 13:6, 10; Ben Sira 18:30) ...”
Mark S. Smith, The Early History of God: Yahweh and the Other Deities in Ancient Israel, 2nd ed., The Biblical Resource Series (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2002), PDF 68.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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KTU 1.10 III:6 and Isaiah 57:15

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