Go to Related Reading
About this book

Isaiah

About this book
Chapter 50

1 This is what the Lord says: “Where is your mother’s divorce certificate by which I divorced her? Or to which of my creditors did I sell you? Look, you were sold because of your sins; because of your rebellious acts I divorced your mother. 2 Why does no one challenge me when I come? Why does no one respond when I call? Is my hand too weak to deliver you? Do I lack the power to rescue you? Look, with a mere shout I can dry up the sea; I can turn streams into a desert, so the fish rot away and die from lack of water.⁠ 3 I can clothe the sky in darkness; I can cover it with sackcloth.” 4 The Sovereign Lord has given me the capacity to be his spokesman, so that I know how to help the weary. He wakes me up every morning; he makes me alert so I can listen attentively as disciples do. 5 The Sovereign Lord has spoken to me clearly; I have not rebelled, I have not turned back. 6 I offered my back to those who attacked, my jaws to those who tore out my beard; I did not hide my face from insults and spitting.⁠ 7 But the Sovereign Lord helps me, so I am not humiliated. For that reason I am steadfastly resolved; I know I will not be put to shame. 8 The one who vindicates me is close by. Who dares to argue with me? Let us confront each other! Who is my accuser? Let him challenge me! 9 Look, the Sovereign Lord helps me. Who dares to condemn me? Look, all of them will wear out like clothes; a moth will eat away at them. 10 Who among you fears the Lord? Who obeys his servant? Whoever walks in deep darkness, without light, should trust in the name of the Lord and rely on his God. 11 Look, all of you who start a fire and who equip yourselves with flaming arrows, walk in the light of the fire you started and among the flaming arrows you ignited!⁠ This is what you will receive from me: You will lie down in a place of pain.

Texts in conversation

Compare Isaiah 50:11 and Jonathan Isaiah 50:11

Hebrew Bible · Targum

Share:

Summary

Isaiah 50 condemns those who use flaming arrows and rely on false guidance. The Aramaic translation in Targum Jonathan adds that they use swords and will fall by both the fire and their sword, expanding the metaphor into an image of self-destruction.

Passages

Isaiah 50:11

Hebrew Bible
9 Look, the Sovereign Lord helps me. Who dares to condemn me? Look, all of them will wear out like clothes; a moth will eat away at them. 10 Who among you fears the Lord? Who obeys his servant? Whoever walks in deep darkness, without light, should trust in the name of the Lord and rely on his God. 11 Look, all of you who start a fire and who equip yourselves with flaming arrows, walk in the light of the fire you started and among the flaming arrows you ignited! This is what you will receive from me: You will lie down in a place of pain.
740–450 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Isaiah

Jonathan Isaiah 50:11

Targum
11 The nations answered and said to him, “O our Lord! it is not possible for us to occupy ourselves with the Torah, because we continually wage war against one another, and when we gain the victory one over the other, we burn their houses with fire and bring their children and their treasures into captivity; in this manner our days are spent, so it is impossible for us to occupy ourselves with the Torah.” The Holy One, blessed be He, answered and said to them, “Behold, all of you who stir up a fire and lay hold on the sword, go, fall into the fire that you have stirred up, and by the sword that you have laid hold on. This will be to you from my Memra: you will turn to your destruction.”
200–300 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Jonathan Isaiah

References

"... 'All those who grasp a sword will perish by a sword' (Matthew 26:52): the sword, like the measure (see below), seems to have been a proverbial figure. In Targum Isaiah 50:11, it is applied quite graphically: 'Behold, all you who kindle a fire, who grasp a sword! Go, fall in the fire which you kindled and on the sword which you grasped!' A link to the passage in Isaiah (or any passage of Scripture) cannot be demonstrated in Jesus' saying, so the correspondence seems to be of the proverbial type, like the saying about the measure. Nonetheless, the close agreement in wording and imagery makes this a comparison of the first type ..."
Bruce Chilton, “From Aramaic Paraphrase to Greek Testament,” in From Prophecy to Testament: The Function of the Old Testament in the New, ed. Craig A. Evans (Peabody, MA: Hendrickson, 2004), 23–43.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

Your feedback

Isaiah 50:11 and Jonathan Isaiah 50:11

Leave a comment

Your questions and comments are welcome!

Comments

Glossary

Search the Library