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Isaiah

About this book
Chapter 43

1 Now, this is what the Lord says, the one who created you, O Jacob, and formed you, O Israel: “Don’t be afraid, for I will protect you. I call you by name, you are mine. 2 When you pass through the waters, I am with you; when you pass through the streams, they will not overwhelm you.⁠ When you walk through the fire, you will not be burned; the flames will not harm you.⁠ 3 For I am the Lord your God, the Holy One of Israel, your deliverer. I have handed over Egypt as a ransom price, Ethiopia and Seba in place of you. 4 Since you are precious and special in my sight and I love you, I will hand over people in place of you, nations in place of your life. 5 Don’t be afraid, for I am with you. From the east I will bring your descendants; from the west I will gather you. 6 I will say to the north, ‘Hand them over!’ and to the south, ‘Don’t hold any back!’ Bring my sons from distant lands, and my daughters from the remote regions of the earth, 7 everyone who belongs to me, whom I created for my glory, whom I formed—yes, whom I made”. 8 Bring out the people who are blind, even though they have eyes, those who are deaf, even though they have ears! 9 All nations gather together, the peoples assemble. Who among them announced this? Who predicted earlier events for us? Let them produce their witnesses to testify they were right; let them listen and affirm, “It is true.” 10 “You are my witnesses,” says the Lord, “my servant whom I have chosen so that you may consider and believe in me,⁠ and understand that I am he. No god was formed before me, and none will outlive me. 11 I, I am the Lord, and there is no deliverer besides me.⁠ 12 I decreed and delivered and proclaimed, and there was no other god among you.⁠ You are my witnesses,” says the Lord, “that I am God. 13 From this day forward I am he; no one can deliver from my power; I will act, and who can prevent it?” 14 This is what the Lord says, your Protector, the Holy One of Israel: “For your sake I send to Babylon and make them all fugitives, turning the Babylonians’ joyful shouts into mourning songs. 15 I am the Lord, your Holy One, the one who created Israel, your King.” 16 This is what the Lord says, the one who made a road through the sea, a pathway through the surging waters,⁠ 17 the one who led chariots and horses to destruction, together with a mighty army. They fell down, never to rise again; they were extinguished, put out like a burning wick: 18 “Don’t remember these earlier events; don’t recall these former events. 19 “Look, I am about to do something new. Now it begins to happen! Do you not recognize it? Yes, I will make a road in the wilderness and paths in the wastelands. 20 The wild animals honor me, the jackals and ostriches, because I put water in the wilderness and streams in the wastelands to quench the thirst of my chosen people, 21 the people whom I formed for myself, so they might praise me. 22 “But you did not call for me, O Jacob; you did not long for me, O Israel. 23 You did not bring me lambs for your burnt offerings; you did not honor me with your sacrifices. I did not burden you with offerings; I did not make you weary by demanding incense. 24 You did not buy me aromatic reeds; you did not present to me the fat of your sacrifices. Yet you burdened me with your sins; you made me weary with your evil deeds. 25 I, I am the one who blots out your rebellious deeds for my sake;⁠ your sins I do not remember. 26 Remind me of what happened. Let’s debate! You, prove to me that you are right! 27 The father of your nation sinned; your spokesmen rebelled against me. 28 So I defiled your holy princes, and handed Jacob over to destruction, and subjected Israel to humiliating abuse.

Texts in conversation

Compare Isaiah 43:2 and Daniel 3:25

Hebrew Bible

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Summary

Isaiah 43 promises that those passing through fire and water will not be destroyed, echoing the language of the exodus as a pattern of rescue. Daniel incorporates this into a narrative where the three Judean boys survive the fiery furnace unharmed.

Passages

Isaiah 43:2

Hebrew Bible
1 Now, this is what the Lord says, the one who created you, O Jacob, and formed you, O Israel: “Don’t be afraid, for I will protect you. I call you by name, you are mine. 2 When you pass through the waters, I am with you; when you pass through the streams, they will not overwhelm you. When you walk through the fire, you will not be burned; the flames will not harm you. 3 For I am the Lord your God, the Holy One of Israel, your deliverer. I have handed over Egypt as a ransom price, Ethiopia and Seba in place of you. 4 Since you are precious and special in my sight and I love you, I will hand over people in place of you, nations in place of your life.
740–450 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Isaiah

Daniel 3:25

Hebrew Bible
23 But those three men, Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego, fell into the furnace of blazing fire while still securely bound. 24 Then King Nebuchadnezzar was startled and quickly got up. He said to his ministers, “Wasn’t it three men that we tied up and threw into the fire?” They replied to the king, “For sure, O king.” 25 He answered, “But I see four men, untied and walking around in the midst of the fire! No harm has come to them! And the appearance of the fourth is like that of a god!” 26 Then Nebuchadnezzar approached the door of the furnace of blazing fire. He called out, “Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego, servants of the most high God, come out! Come here!” Then Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego emerged from the fire.
200–101 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Daniel

References

"... Isaiah 43:2 is frequently cited in association with Daniel 3, the latter even being described as a “midrash” on the former. There are considerable warrants for discerning in Daniel 3 an allusion to Isaiah 43:2. However, according to the form-critical criteria adopted in this work, the term “midrash” — an exegetical genre in which the citing text appears to exist “for the sake of elucidating” the source text — would be misleading. First, Daniel 3 does not appear to see Isaiah 43:2 as confusing or in any way requiring explanation. Second, the story of the three friends has many purposes of its own, independent of working with Isaiah 43:2: it continues certain Danielic themes like the conversion of the foreign monarch and the defeat of rivals in the court; it further develops the characters of the three youths; and it brings a certain comic relief with its incessant listings of titular offices, musical instruments, articles of clothing, personal names, and so forth. Thus, to claim that the primary purpose of Daniel 3 is to exegete Isaiah 43:2 proves reductionist, overlooking the chapter’s many narrative functions to which an allusion to Isaiah 43:2 is pressed into service ..."
G. Brooke Lester, Daniel Evokes Isaiah: Allusive Characterization of Foreign Rule in the Hebrew–Aramaic Book of Daniel, LHBOTS 606 (London: T&T Clark, 2015), 118.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Isaiah 43:2 and Daniel 3:25

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