Go to Related Reading
About this book

Isaiah

About this book
Chapter 41

1 “Listen to me in silence, you coastlands! Let the nations find renewed strength! Let them approach and then speak; let us come together for debate. 2 Who stirs up this one from the east? Who officially commissions him for service? He hands nations over to him and enables him to subdue kings. He makes them like dust with his sword, like windblown straw with his bow. 3 He pursues them and passes by unharmed; he advances with great speed. 4 Who acts and carries out decrees? Who summons the successive generations from the beginning? I, the Lord, am present at the very beginning, and at the very end—I am the one. 5 The coastlands see and are afraid; the whole earth trembles; they approach and come. 6 They help one another; one says to the other, ‘Be strong!’ 7 The craftsman encourages the metalsmith, the one who wields the hammer encourages the one who pounds on the anvil. He says of the welding, ‘It is good’18,⁠ and nails it down so it won’t fall over. 8 “You, my servant Israel, Jacob, whom I have chosen,⁠ offspring of Abraham my friend,⁠ 9 you whom I am bringing back from the earth’s extremities and have summoned from the remote regions—I told you, ‘You are my servant.’ I have chosen you and not rejected you. 10 Don’t be afraid, for I am with you! Don’t be frightened, for I am your God! I strengthen you—yes, I help you—yes, I uphold you with my victorious right hand! 11 Look, all who were angry at you will be ashamed and humiliated; your adversaries will be reduced to nothing and perish.⁠ 12 When you will look for your opponents, you will not find them; your enemies will be reduced to absolutely nothing. 13 For I am the Lord your God, the one who takes hold of your right hand, who says to you, ‘Don’t be afraid, I am helping you.’ 14 Don’t be afraid, despised, insignificant Jacob, men of Israel. I am helping you,” says the Lord, your Protector, the Holy One of Israel. 15 “Look, I am making you like a sharp threshing sledge, new and double-edged. You will thresh the mountains and crush them; you will make the hills like straw.⁠ 16 You will winnow them and the wind will blow them away; the wind will scatter them. You will rejoice in the Lord; you will boast in the Holy One of Israel. 17 The oppressed and the poor look for water, but there is none; their tongues are parched from thirst. I, the Lord, will respond to their prayers; I, the God of Israel, will not abandon them. 18 I will make streams flow down the slopes and produce springs in the middle of the valleys. I will turn the wilderness into a pool of water and the arid land into springs. 19 I will make cedars, acacias, myrtles, and olive trees grow in the wilderness; I will make evergreens, firs, and cypresses grow together in the arid rift valley. 20 I will do this so people will observe and recognize, so they will pay attention and understand that the Lord’s power has accomplished this, and that the Holy One of Israel has brought it into being. 21 “Present your argument,” says the Lord. “Produce your evidence,” says Jacob’s King. 22 “Let them produce evidence! Let them tell us what will happen! Tell us about your earlier predictive oracles, so we may examine them and see how they were fulfilled. Or decree for us some future events! 23 Predict how future events will turn out, so we might know you are gods. Yes, do something good or something bad, so we might be frightened and in awe. 24 Look, you are nothing, and your accomplishments are nonexistent; the one who chooses to worship you is disgusting. 25 I have stirred up one out of the north and he advances, one from the eastern horizon who prays in my name. He steps on rulers as if they were clay, like a potter treading the clay. 26 Who decreed this from the beginning, so we could know? Who announced it ahead of time, so we could say, ‘He’s correct’? Indeed, none of them decreed it. Indeed, none of them announced it. Indeed, no one heard you say anything! 27 I first decreed to Zion, ‘Look, here’s what will happen!’ I sent a herald to Jerusalem. 28 I look, but there is no one, among them there is no one who serves as an adviser that I might ask questions and receive answers. 29 Look, all of them are nothing, their accomplishments are nonexistent; their metal images lack any real substance.

Texts in conversation

Compare Isaiah 41:15 and Daniel 2:34

Hebrew Bible

Share:

Summary

Daniel describes a stone that shatters a statue and grows into a mountain, echoing Isaiah 41 where Israel is made into a threshing stone that crushes mountains into chaff scattered by the wind. Both similarly use mountains to symbolize foreign powers.

Passages

Isaiah 41:15

Hebrew Bible
13 For I am the Lord your God, the one who takes hold of your right hand, who says to you, ‘Don’t be afraid, I am helping you.’ 14 Don’t be afraid, despised, insignificant Jacob, men of Israel. I am helping you,” says the Lord, your Protector, the Holy One of Israel. 15 “Look, I am making you like a sharp threshing sledge, new and double-edged. You will thresh the mountains and crush them; you will make the hills like straw. 16 You will winnow them and the wind will blow them away; the wind will scatter them. You will rejoice in the Lord; you will boast in the Holy One of Israel. 17 The oppressed and the poor look for water, but there is none; their tongues are parched from thirst. I, the Lord, will respond to their prayers; I, the God of Israel, will not abandon them.
740–450 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Isaiah

Daniel 2:34

Hebrew Bible
32 As for that statue, its head was of fine gold, its chest and arms were of silver, its belly and thighs were of bronze. 33 Its legs were of iron; its feet were partly of iron and partly of clay. 34 You were watching as a stone was cut out, but not by human hands. It struck the statue on its iron and clay feet, breaking them in pieces. 35 Then the iron, clay, bronze, silver, and gold were broken in pieces without distinction and became like chaff from the summer threshing floors that the wind carries away. Not a trace of them could be found. But the stone that struck the statue became a large mountain that filled the entire earth. 36 This was the dream. Now we will set forth before the king its interpretation.
200–101 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Daniel

References

"... This tale, a legend of court contest, demonstrates that the wisdom granted to Daniel by God exceeds that of the magicians of Babylon. The influence of Isaiah, especially Isaiah 40–55, on Daniel 2 has been proposed by many and is generally acknowledged. Daniel 2 gives narrative life to Isaiah’s polemic against the idols and magicians of Babylon, and to the claims about God’s activity attendant upon that polemic. Just as allusion to the Joseph story in Daniel 2 has been widely proposed, so too have some critics judged that Isaiah’s influence on Daniel 2 extends at points to allusion. Especially promising in this regard are the statue-crushing stone which becomes an earth-filling mountain (Daniel 2:34–35, 45) and Nebuchadnezzar’s prostration before Daniel (Daniel 2:46). Both in its telling and in its interpretation, the climactic action of the dream oracle of Daniel 2 alludes to a pair of metaphors found in Deutero-Isaiah ... That the “mountains” in Isaiah 41:15 represent the foreign powers rather than Israel or its ancestors as in Isaiah 51:1–2 need not militate against them being evoked by Daniel 2. Such a “gap” in imagery or narrative between the evoked and alluding texts is a necessary element in the metaphorical power of allusion: if the texts were flatly similar, the evoked text would have little to contribute. That the “mountains” are central to Isaiah 41:15–16 at all provides a point of readerly recognition, one reinforced by the “chaff” into which they are threshed, and the “threshing” floors from which such chaff climbs to the “winds” (all four of these elements shared together with Daniel 2:35). The ironic reversal between the functions of the mountains in each text encourages the reader in the production of “intertextual patterning” ..."
G. Brooke Lester, Daniel Evokes Isaiah: Allusive Characterization of Foreign Rule in the Hebrew–Aramaic Book of Daniel, LHBOTS 606 (London: T&T Clark, 2015), 108.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

Your feedback

Isaiah 41:15 and Daniel 2:34

Leave a comment

Your questions and comments are welcome!

Comments

Glossary

Search the Library