Go to Related Reading
About this book

Isaiah

About this book
Chapter 40

1 “Comfort, comfort my people,” says your God. 2 “Speak kindly to Jerusalem and tell her that her time of warfare is over, that her punishment is completed. For the Lord has made her pay double for all her sins.” 3 A voice cries out, “In the wilderness clear a way for the Lord;⁠ build a level road through the rift valley for our God.⁠ 4 Every valley must be elevated and every mountain and hill leveled. The rough terrain will become a level plain, the rugged landscape a wide valley.⁠ 5 The splendor of the Lord will be revealed, and all people will see it at the same time.⁠ For the Lord has decreed it.” 6 A voice says, “Cry out!” Another asks, “What should I cry out?” The first voice responds: “All people are like grass,⁠ and all their promises are like the flowers in the field.⁠ 7 The grass dries up, the flowers wither, when the wind sent by the Lord blows on them. Surely humanity is like grass. 8 The grass dries up, the flowers wither, but the decree of our God is forever reliable.” 9 Go up on a high mountain, O herald Zion. Shout out loudly, O herald Jerusalem! Shout, don’t be afraid! Say to the towns of Judah, “Here is your God!”⁠ 10 Look, the Sovereign Lord comes as a victorious warrior; his military power establishes his rule. Look, his reward is with him; his prize goes before him. 11 Like a shepherd he tends his flock;⁠ he gathers up the lambs with his arm; he carries them close to his heart; he leads the ewes along.⁠ 12 Who has measured out the waters in the hollow of his hand, or carefully measured the sky, or carefully weighed the soil of the earth, or weighed the mountains in a balance, or the hills on scales? 13 Who comprehends the mind of the Lord, or gives him instruction as his counselor? 14 From whom does he receive directions? Who teaches him the correct way to do things, or imparts knowledge to him, or instructs him in skillful design? 15 Look, the nations are like a drop in a bucket; they are regarded as dust on the scales. He lifts the coastlands as if they were dust. 16 Not even Lebanon could supply enough firewood for a sacrifice; its wild animals would not provide enough burnt offerings. 17 All the nations are insignificant before him; they are regarded as absolutely nothing.⁠ 18 To whom can you compare God? To what image can you liken him?⁠ 19 A craftsman casts an idol; a metal smith overlays it with gold and forges silver chains for it. 20 To make a contribution one selects wood that will not rot; he then seeks a skilled craftsman to make an idol that will not fall over.⁠ 21 Do you not know? Do you not hear? Has it not been told to you since the very beginning? Have you not understood from the time the earth’s foundations were made?⁠ 22 He is the one who sits on the earth’s horizon;⁠ its inhabitants are like grasshoppers before him. He is the one who stretches out the sky like a thin curtain, and spreads it out like a pitched tent.⁠ 23 He is the one who reduces rulers to nothing; he makes the earth’s leaders insignificant. 24 Indeed, they are barely planted; yes, they are barely sown; yes, they barely take root in the earth, and then he blows on them, causing them to dry up, and the wind carries them away like straw. 25 “To whom can you compare me? Whom do I resemble?” says the Holy One. 26 Look up at the sky! Who created all these heavenly lights? He is the one who leads out their ranks; he calls them all by name.⁠ Because of his absolute power and awesome strength, not one of them is missing. 27 Why do you say, Jacob, Why do you say, Israel,⁠ “The Lord is not aware of what is happening to me; my God is not concerned with my vindication”? 28 Do you not know? Have you not heard? The Lord is an eternal God, the Creator of the whole earth. He does not get tired or weary; there is no limit to his wisdom.⁠ 29 He gives strength to those who are tired; to the ones who lack power, he gives renewed energy. 30 Even youths get tired and weary; even strong young men clumsily stumble. 31 But those who wait for the Lord’s help find renewed strength; they rise up as if they had eagles’ wings, they run without growing weary, they walk without getting tired.

Texts in conversation

Compare Genesis 1:16 and Isaiah 40:26

Hebrew Bible

Share:

Summary

Isaiah 40 echoes the language of Genesis in its description of the sun, moon, and stars, while also portraying the same stars as a heavenly host, summoned by name and arranged as a divine army under God’s command.

Passages

Genesis 1:16

Hebrew Bible
14 God said, “Let there be lights in the expanse of the sky to separate the day from the night, and let them be signs to indicate seasons and days and years, 15 and let them serve as lights in the expanse of the sky to give light on the earth.” It was so. 16 God made two great lights—the greater light to rule over the day and the lesser light to rule over the night. He made the stars also. 17 God placed the lights in the expanse of the sky to shine on the earth, 18 to preside over the day and the night, and to separate the light from the darkness. God saw that it was good.
750–400 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Genesis

Isaiah 40:26

Hebrew Bible
24 Indeed, they are barely planted; yes, they are barely sown; yes, they barely take root in the earth, and then he blows on them, causing them to dry up, and the wind carries them away like straw. 25 “To whom can you compare me? Whom do I resemble?” says the Holy One. 26 Look up at the sky! Who created all these heavenly lights? He is the one who leads out their ranks; he calls them all by name. Because of his absolute power and awesome strength, not one of them is missing. 27 Why do you say, Jacob, Why do you say, Israel, “The Lord is not aware of what is happening to me; my God is not concerned with my vindication”?
740–450 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Isaiah

References

"... Several connections occur between Isaiah 40:26 and Genesis 1-2. In addition to the verb בָּרָּא “create”, the most significant connections are God’s naming activity expressed with the verb קרא “to call”, His seeing expressed with ראה “to see”, (1:4, 10, 12, 18, 21, 25, 31) and the mention of צָּבָּא “heavens” (2:1). Although the word שֵׁם “name” is not used in these verses, קרא “to call” is clearly operating as part of a naming formula (compare Genesis 2:20; 3:20; 4:25). In Isaiah 40:26, YHWH calls by name the hosts He created. The activity in the two passages is related, although not identical. In Genesis, God is giving a name. In Isaiah, YHWH is summoning by name. It is this naming and summoning, rather than קרא “to call”, itself, that constitutes the intertextual connection ..."
Aaron C. Fenlason, “Translation Technique and the Intertextuality of Creation in LXX Isaiah 40–55” (PhD diss., Midwestern Baptist Theological Seminary, 2022), 161–164.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

Your feedback

Genesis 1:16 and Isaiah 40:26

Leave a comment

Your questions and comments are welcome!

Comments

Glossary

Search the Library