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Isaiah

About this book
Chapter 4

1 Seven women will grab hold of one man at that time. They will say, “We will provide our own food, we will provide our own clothes; but let us belong to you—take away our shame!” 2 At that time the crops given by the Lord will bring admiration and honor;⁠ the produce of the land will be a source of pride and delight to those who remain in Israel. 3 Those remaining in Zion, those left in Jerusalem, will be called “holy,” all in Jerusalem who are destined to live. 4 At that time the Lord will wash the excrement from Zion’s women, he will rinse the bloodstains from Jerusalem’s midst, as he comes to judge and to bring devastation. 5 Then the Lord will create over all Mount Zion and over its convocations a cloud and smoke by day and a bright flame of fire by night;⁠ indeed a canopy will accompany the Lord’s glorious presence. 6 By day it will be a shelter to provide shade from the heat, as well as safety and protection from the heavy downpour.

Texts in conversation

Compare Isaiah 4:2 and Jonathan Isaiah 4:2

Hebrew Bible · Targum

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Summary

Isaiah 4 describes survivors in Jerusalem living in the land with renewed safety. The Aramaic translation in Targum Jonathan reframes this hope by connecting their restored honor to the messianic “branch” and to those who obey the Torah.

Passages

Isaiah 4:2

Hebrew Bible
1 Seven women will grab hold of one man at that time. They will say, “We will provide our own food, we will provide our own clothes; but let us belong to you—take away our shame!” 2 At that time the crops given by the Lord will bring admiration and honor; the produce of the land will be a source of pride and delight to those who remain in Israel. 3 Those remaining in Zion, those left in Jerusalem, will be called “holy,” all in Jerusalem who are destined to live.
740–450 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Isaiah

Jonathan Isaiah 4:2

Targum
1 In that day, seven women shall take hold of one man, saying, “We will eat our own food and wear our own clothes, only let us be called by your name; take away our disgrace.” 2 In that day, the Messiah of the LORD shall be a source of joy and glory, and those who uphold the Torah will be a point of pride and praise among the survivors of Israel. 3 It shall come to pass that those who remain in Zion and who have upheld the Torah will be established in Jerusalem; they will be called holy, every one recorded for eternal life shall see the consolations of Jerusalem.
200–300 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Jonathan Isaiah

References

"... The vindication which balances the foregoing reference to retribution is far more specific in the Targum than it is in the Masoretic text. “The Messiah” (derived from “branch” in the Hebrew text, compare Jeremiah 23:5; 33:15; Zechariah 3:8; 6:12 for the messianic associations of the term) appears as the focus of the “pride” and “praise” effected by “the doers of the law” (verses 2-3). These shall enjoy, on their return to Zion, “the consolations of Jerusalem,” even “eternal life” (verse 3). (The last phrase corresponds to the well-known Johannine expression.) But even this positive imagery involves the removal of the violence which now prevails in Jerusalem by a word of command (verse 4). After this final purification, the seal of God’s “glory” will rest on the “sanctuary,” now again “the place of the house of the Shekhinah,” and more so than even was promised (verse 5). The sanctuary “cloud” is the source and emblem of the security of “Jerusalem” (verse 6) ..."
Bruce D. Chilton, The Isaiah Targum: Introduction, Translation, Apparatus and Notes, ArBib 11 (Wilmington, DE: Michael Glazier, 1987), 11.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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