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Isaiah

About this book
Chapter 33

1 The destroyer is as good as dead, you who have not been destroyed! The deceitful one is as good as dead, the one whom others have not deceived! When you are through destroying, you will be destroyed; when you finish deceiving, others will deceive you! 2 Lord, be merciful to us! We wait for you. Give us strength each morning. Deliver us when distress comes. 3 The nations run away when they hear a loud noise; the nations scatter when you spring into action! 4 Your plunder disappears as if locusts were eating it; they swarm over it like locusts.⁠ 5 The Lord is exalted, indeed, he lives in heaven; he fills Zion with justice and fairness. 6 He is your constant source of stability; he abundantly provides safety and great wisdom; he gives all this to those who fear him. 7 Look, ambassadors cry out in the streets; messengers sent to make peace weep bitterly. 8 Highways are empty; there are no travelers. Treaties are broken; witnesses are despised, human life is treated with disrespect. 9 The land dries up and withers away; the forest of Lebanon shrivels up and decays. Sharon is like the arid rift valley; Bashan and Carmel are parched. 10 “Now I will rise up,” says the Lord. “ Now I will exalt myself; now I will magnify myself. 11 You conceive straw, you give birth to chaff; your breath is a fire that destroys you. 12 The nations will be burned to ashes; like thorn bushes that have been cut down, they will be set on fire. 13 You who are far away, listen to what I have done! You who are close by, recognize my strength.” 14 Sinners are afraid in Zion; panic grips the godless. They say, “Who among us can coexist with destructive fire? Who among us can coexist with unquenchable fire?”⁠ 15 The one who lives uprightly and speaks honestly, the one who refuses to profit from oppressive measures and rejects a bribe, the one who does not plot violent crimes and does not seek to harm others— 16 this is the person who will live in a secure place; he will find safety in the rocky, mountain strongholds; he will have food and a constant supply of water. 17 You will see a king in his splendor; you will see a wide land. 18 Your mind will recall the terror you experienced, and you will ask yourselves, “Where is the scribe? Where is the one who weighs the money? Where is the one who counts the towers?”⁠ 19 You will no longer see a defiant people whose language you do not comprehend, whose derisive speech you do not understand. 20 Look at Zion, the city where we hold religious festivals! You will see Jerusalem, a peaceful settlement, a tent that stays put; its stakes will never be pulled up; none of its ropes will snap in two. 21 Instead the Lord will rule there as our mighty king. Rivers and wide streams will flow through it; no war galley will enter; no large ships will sail through.⁠ 22 For the Lord, our ruler, the Lord, our commander, the Lord, our king—he will deliver us. 23 Though at this time your ropes are slack, the mast is not secured, and the sail is not unfurled, at that time you will divide up a great quantity of loot; even the lame will drag off plunder. 24 No resident of Zion will say, “I am ill”; the people who live there will have their sin forgiven.

Texts in conversation

Compare Isaiah 33:4 and Judges 6:5

Hebrew Bible

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Summary

Judges 6 and Isaiah 33 both use locust imagery, emphasizing overwhelming numbers. Judges describes Midianite invaders as thick as locusts, while Isaiah describes plunder being consumed and swarmed over like locusts.

Passages

Isaiah 33:4

Hebrew Bible
2 Lord, be merciful to us! We wait for you. Give us strength each morning. Deliver us when distress comes. 3 The nations run away when they hear a loud noise; the nations scatter when you spring into action! 4 Your plunder disappears as if locusts were eating it; they swarm over it like locusts. 5 The Lord is exalted, indeed, he lives in heaven; he fills Zion with justice and fairness. 6 He is your constant source of stability; he abundantly provides safety and great wisdom; he gives all this to those who fear him.
740–450 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Isaiah

Judges 6:5

Hebrew Bible
3 Whenever the Israelites planted their crops, the Midianites, Amalekites, and the people from the east would attack them. 4 They invaded the land and devoured its crops all the way to Gaza. They left nothing for the Israelites to eat, and they took away the sheep, oxen, and donkeys. 5 When they invaded with their cattle and tents, they were as thick as locusts. Neither they nor their camels could be counted. They came to devour the land. 6 Israel was so severely weakened by Midian that the Israelites cried out to the Lord for help. 7 When the Israelites cried out to the Lord for help because of Midian,
600–501 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Judges

References

"... There are numerous texts within the Hebrew Bible that use locusts to symbolize strength and power. Often this is done by emphasizing the massive amount of locusts contained within a swarm. An example of this can be seen in Judges, where the author describes the Midianites, who oppressed the people of Israel for seven years. In the description, the author notes that “they and their livestock would come up” against the people of Israel to fight them, “and they would even bring their tents, as thick as locusts.” Later in the narrative, the author notes that “the Midianites and the Amalekites and all the people of the East lay along the valley as thick as locusts.” As Niditch notes, “the image of the invading enemy as numerous as locusts is common” in the Hebrew Bible. The author utilizes a metaphor with locusts here to draw upon the dense nature of a locust swarm and thus to emphasize the great size of the armies that fought against the people of Israel. This implies that the foreign armies are to be feared due to their size and might. In at least the larger context of the example from Judges, this is necessary in order to construct a narrative that points to the “manifestation of God’s glory” and emphasizes the sovereignty of God in overcoming the threat ..."
Kevin M. Scott, Locust Imagery and the Problem of Genre in the Book of Joel (Wake Forest University, 2014), 115.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Isaiah 33:4 and Judges 6:5

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