Go to Related Reading
About this book

Isaiah

About this book
Chapter 3

1 Look, the Sovereign Lord of Heaven’s Armies is about to remove from Jerusalem and Judah every source of security, including all the food and water, 2 the mighty men and warriors, judges and prophets, omen readers and leaders,⁠ 3 captains of groups of 50, the respected citizens, advisers and those skilled in magical arts, and those who know incantations. 4 The Lord says, “I will make youths their officials; malicious young men will rule over them. 5 The people will treat each other harshly; men will oppose each other; neighbors will fight. Youths will proudly defy the elderly and riffraff will challenge those who were once respected. 6 Indeed, a man will grab his brother right in his father’s house and say, ‘You own a coat—you be our leader! This heap of ruins will be under your control.’ 7 At that time the brother will shout, ‘I am no doctor, I have no food or coat in my house; don’t make me a leader of the people!’” 8 Jerusalem certainly stumbles, Judah falls, for their words and their actions offend the Lord; they rebel against his royal authority. 9 The look on their faces testifies to their guilt; like the people of Sodom they openly boast of their sin. Woe to them! For they bring disaster on themselves. 10 Tell the innocent it will go well with them, for they will be rewarded for what they have done.⁠ 11 Woe to the wicked sinners! For they will get exactly what they deserve. 12 Oppressors treat my people cruelly; creditors rule over them. My people, your leaders mislead you; they give you confusing directions. 13 The Lord takes his position to judge; he stands up to pass sentence on his people. 14 The Lord comes to pronounce judgment on the leaders of his people and their officials. He says, “It is you who have ruined the vineyard! You have stashed in your houses what you have stolen from the poor. 15 Why do you crush my people and grind the faces of the poor?” The Sovereign Lord of Heaven’s Armies has spoken. 16 The Lord says, “The women of Zion are proud. They walk with their heads high and flirt with their eyes.⁠ They skip along and the jewelry on their ankles jingles. 17 So the Lord will afflict the foreheads of Zion’s women with skin diseases; the Lord will make the front of their heads bald.” 18 At that time the Lord will remove their beautiful ankle jewelry, neck ornaments, crescent-shaped ornaments,⁠ 19 earrings, bracelets, veils, 20 headdresses, ankle ornaments, sashes, sachets, amulets, 21 rings, nose rings, 22 festive dresses, robes, shawls, purses, 23 garments, vests, head coverings, and gowns. 24 A putrid stench will replace the smell of spices, a rope will replace a belt, baldness will replace braided locks of hair, a sackcloth garment will replace a fine robe, and a prisoner’s brand will replace beauty. 25 Your men will fall by the sword, your strong men will die in battle.⁠ 26 Her gates will mourn and lament; deprived of her people, she will sit on the ground.

Texts in conversation

Compare Isaiah 3:2 and 1 Corinthians 1:20 and Jonathan Isaiah 3:2

Hebrew Bible · New Testament · Targum

Share:

Summary

Isaiah describes the loss of Jerusalem’s leaders as a sign of judgment. The Aramaic Targum changes “prophet” to “scribe,” focusing on the loss of intellectual leaders. Paul uses similar language in 1 Corinthians, where God judges the wise and the scribe.

Passages

Isaiah 3:2

Hebrew Bible
1 Look, the Sovereign Lord of Heaven’s Armies is about to remove from Jerusalem and Judah every source of security, including all the food and water, 2 the mighty men and warriors, judges and prophets, omen readers and leaders, 3 captains of groups of 50, the respected citizens, advisers and those skilled in magical arts, and those who know incantations.
740–450 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Isaiah

1 Corinthians 1:20

New Testament
19 For it is written, “I will destroy the wisdom of the wise, and I will thwart the cleverness of the intelligent.” 20 Where is the wise man? Where is the expert in the Mosaic law? Where is the debater of this age? Has God not made the wisdom of the world foolish? 21 For since in the wisdom of God the world by its wisdom did not know God, God was pleased to save those who believe by the foolishness of preaching.
55–57 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 1 Corinthians

Jonathan Isaiah 3:2

Targum
1 For the Lord of the world, the LORD of hosts, is taking away from Jerusalem and Judah support and aid, all support of food and all help of drink; 2 the mighty man and warrior, the judge and scribe, the diviner and elder; 3 the captain of fifty, the man of rank, the counselor, the skilled craftsman, the wise man, and the expert in counsel.
200–300 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Jonathan Isaiah

References

"... Against the background of what will be, the situation which now prevails is all the more pathetic. God removes such basic leadership as that of the 'scribe' (verse 2 of the Targum, instead of 'prophet', as in the Masoretic text) and the 'scholar' (verse 3). (Notably, the wise man, the scribe and the debater are described as set aside by God in 1 Corinthians 1:20), after a citation of Isaiah 29:14. Instead, weak 'guardians' prevail, supported by official extortion from community representatives who are themselves impoverished and unsuitable ..."
Bruce D. Chilton, The Isaiah Targum: Introduction, Translation, Apparatus and Notes, ArBib 11 (Wilmington, DE: Michael Glazier, 1987), 9.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

Your feedback

Isaiah 3:2 and 1 Corinthians 1:20 and Jonathan Isaiah 3:2

Leave a comment

Your questions and comments are welcome!

Comments

Glossary

Search the Library