Go to Related Reading
About this book

Isaiah

About this book
Chapter 28

1 The splendid crown of Ephraim’s drunkards is doomed, the withering flower, its beautiful splendor, situated at the head of a rich valley, the crown of those overcome with wine. 2 Look, the Lord sends a strong, powerful one. With the force of a hailstorm or a destructive windstorm, with the might of a driving, torrential rainstorm, he will knock that crown to the ground with his hand. 3 The splendid crown of Ephraim’s drunkards will be trampled underfoot. 4 The withering flower, its beautiful splendor, situated at the head of a rich valley, will be like an early fig before harvest—as soon as someone notices it, he grabs it and swallows it. 5 At that time the Lord of Heaven’s Armies will become a beautiful crown⁠ and a splendid diadem for the remnant of his people. 6 He will give discernment to the one who makes judicial decisions and strength to those who defend the city from attackers. 7 Even these men stagger because of wine; they stumble around because of beer—priests and prophets stagger because of beer, they are confused because of wine, they stumble around because of beer; they stagger while seeing prophetic visions, they totter while making legal decisions. 8 Indeed, all the tables are covered with vomit, with filth, leaving no clean place. 9 Who is the Lord trying to teach? To whom is he explaining a message? To those just weaned from milk! To those just taken from their mother’s breast!⁠ 10 Indeed, they will hear meaningless gibberish, senseless babbling, a syllable here, a syllable there. 11 For with mocking lips and a foreign tongue he will speak to these people.⁠ 12 In the past he said to them, “This is where security can be found. Provide security for the one who is exhausted. This is where rest can be found.” But they refused to listen. 13 So the Lord’s message to them will sound like meaningless gibberish, senseless babbling, a syllable here, a syllable there. As a result, they will fall on their backsides when they try to walk, and be injured, ensnared, and captured. 14 Therefore, listen to the Lord’s message, you who mock, you rulers of these people who reside in Jerusalem. 15 For you say, “We have made a treaty with death, with Sheol we have made an agreement. When the overwhelming judgment sweeps by it will not reach us. For we have made a lie our refuge, we have hidden ourselves in a deceitful word.”⁠ 16 Therefore, this is what the Sovereign Lord, says: “Look, I am laying a stone in Zion, an approved stone,⁠ set in place as a precious cornerstone for the foundation.⁠ The one who maintains his faith will not panic.⁠ 17 I will make justice the measuring line, fairness the plumb line; hail will sweep away the unreliable refuge, the floodwaters will overwhelm the hiding place. 18 Your treaty with death will be dissolved; your agreement with Sheol will not last.⁠ When the overwhelming judgment sweeps by, you will be overrun by it. 19 Whenever it sweeps by, it will overtake you; indeed, every morning it will sweep by, it will come through during the day and the night.” When this announcement is understood, it will cause nothing but terror. 20 For the bed is too short to stretch out on, and the blanket is too narrow to wrap around oneself. 21 For the Lord will rise up, as he did at Mount Perazim;⁠ he will rouse himself, as he did in the Valley of Gibeon,⁠ to accomplish his work, his peculiar work, to perform his task, his strange task. 22 So now, do not mock, or your chains will become heavier! For I have heard a message about decreed destruction, from the Sovereign Lord of Heaven’s Armies against the entire land. 23 Pay attention and listen to my message. Be attentive and listen to what I have to say! 24 Does a farmer just keep on plowing at planting time? Does he keep breaking up and harrowing his ground? 25 Once he has leveled its surface, does he not scatter the seed of the caraway plant, sow the seed of the cumin plant, and plant the wheat, barley, and grain in their designated places?⁠ 26 His God instructs him; he teaches him the principles of agriculture. 27 Certainly caraway seed is not threshed with a sledge, nor is the wheel of a cart rolled over cumin seed. Certainly caraway seed is beaten with a stick and cumin seed with a flail. 28 Grain is crushed, though one certainly does not thresh it forever. The wheel of one’s wagon rolls over it, but his horses do not crush it. 29 This also comes from the Lord of Heaven’s Armies, who gives supernatural guidance and imparts great wisdom.

Texts in conversation

Compare Isaiah 28:18 and Wisdom of Solomon 1:16

Hebrew Bible · Deuterocanon

Share:

Summary

Wisdom of Solomon echoes Isaiah’s “covenant with death,” where alliances built on false security are doomed to fail. Isaiah criticizes leaders who rely on foreign nations, while Wisdom reshapes it into a warning about embracing sin as if it can protect.

Passages

Isaiah 28:18

Hebrew Bible
17 I will make justice the measuring line, fairness the plumb line; hail will sweep away the unreliable refuge, the floodwaters will overwhelm the hiding place. 18 Your treaty with death will be dissolved; your agreement with Sheol will not last. When the overwhelming judgment sweeps by, you will be overrun by it. 19 Whenever it sweeps by, it will overtake you; indeed, every morning it will sweep by, it will come through during the day and the night.” When this announcement is understood, it will cause nothing but terror. 20 For the bed is too short to stretch out on, and the blanket is too narrow to wrap around oneself.
740–450 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Isaiah

Wisdom of Solomon 1:16

Deuterocanon
14 For he created all things that they might have being. The generative powers of the world are wholesome, and there is no poison of destruction in them, nor has Hades royal dominion upon earth; 15 for righteousness is immortal, 16 but ungodly men by their hands and their words summoned death; deeming him a friend they pined away. They made a covenant with him, because they are worthy to belong with him.
50 BCE – 50 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in the Wisdom of Solomon

References

"... The righteous-wicked contrast (the “two worlds”) is dramatized as an encounter between two groups about their beliefs and plans (2:1-9). How will the gang deal with a righteous individual who believes in the very things they reject (Wisdom of Solomon 1:10-16)? They decide to test which way of life is valid, theirs or that of the righteous individual who boasts God is his father who will deliver his “son” from foes (1:17-18). They decide to kill him to see if God will do anything (verse 20). The answer will come in Wisdom 5. Wisdom of Solomon 2 is framed by two verses (1:16 and 2:24) that highlight the words “death” and “possession”. Each of the two ways has its adherents (i.e., those “in possession of” it). The wicked reveal their beliefs and behavior as well as those of the righteous individual (2:12-20). Their irreverence, pleasure seeking, and violence are an allusion to the opening scene in Proverbs 1:8-19. The wicked are said to consider death a friend and to make a covenant with it (Wisdom of Solomon 1:16). “Covenant with death” borrows from Isaiah 28:15, where “death” is a metaphor for Egypt with whom some in Israel allied themselves instead of trusting in the Lord. The father-son language in Wisdom 2 is borrowed from wisdom literature, in particular from Proverbs ..."
Daniel Durken, ed., The New Collegeville Bible Commentary: In One Volume (Collegeville, MN: Liturgical Press, 2017), 1189–1190.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

Your feedback

Isaiah 28:18 and Wisdom of Solomon 1:16

Leave a comment

Your questions and comments are welcome!

Comments

Glossary

Search the Library