Go to Related Reading
About this book

Isaiah

About this book
Chapter 22

1 This is an oracle about the Valley of Vision: What is the reason that all of you go up to the rooftops? 2 The noisy city is full of raucous sounds; the town is filled with revelry. Your slain were not cut down by the sword; they did not die in battle. 3 All your leaders ran away together—they fled to a distant place; all your refugees were captured together—they were captured without a single arrow being shot. 4 So I say: “Don’t look at me! I am weeping bitterly. Don’t try to console me concerning the destruction of my defenseless people.” 5 For the Sovereign Lord of Heaven’s Armies has planned a day of panic, defeat, and confusion. In the Valley of Vision people shout and cry out to the hill. 6 The Elamites picked up the quiver and came with chariots and horsemen; the men of Kir prepared the shield. 7 Your very best valleys were full of chariots; horsemen confidently took their positions at the gate. 8 They removed the defenses of Judah. At that time you looked for the weapons in the House of the Forest. 9 You saw the many breaks in the walls of the City of David; you stored up water in the lower pool. 10 You counted the houses in Jerusalem and demolished houses so you could have material to reinforce the wall. 11 You made a reservoir between the two walls for the water of the old pool—but you did not trust in the one who made it; you did not depend on the one who formed it long ago. 12 At that time the Sovereign Lord of Heaven’s Armies called for weeping and mourning, for shaved heads and sackcloth.⁠ 13 But look, there is outright celebration! You say, “Kill the ox and slaughter the sheep, eat meat and drink wine. Eat and drink, for tomorrow we die!” 14 The Lord of Heaven’s Armies told me this: “Certainly this sin will not be forgiven as long as you live,”⁠ says the Sovereign Lord of Heaven’s Armies.⁠ 15 This is what the Sovereign Lord of Heaven’s Armies says: “Go visit this administrator, Shebna, who supervises the palace, and tell him: 16 ‘What right do you have to be here? What relatives do you have buried here? Why do you chisel out a tomb for yourself here? He chisels out his burial site in an elevated place, he carves out his tomb on a cliff. 17 Look, the Lord will throw you far away, you mere man! He will wrap you up tightly. 18 He will wind you up tightly into a ball and throw you into a wide, open land. There you will die, and there with you will be your impressive chariots, which bring disgrace to the house of your master. 19 I will remove you from your office; you will be thrown down from your position. 20 “‘At that time I will summon my servant Eliakim, son of Hilkiah. 21 I will put your robe on him, tie your belt around him, and transfer your authority to him. He will become a protector of the residents of Jerusalem and of the people of Judah. 22 I will place the key to the house of David on his shoulder.⁠ When he opens the door, no one can close it; when he closes the door, no one can open it.⁠ 23 I will fasten him like a peg into a solid place; he will bring honor and respect to his father’s family. 24 His father’s family will gain increasing prominence because of him, including the offspring and the offshoots. All the small containers, including the bowls and all the jars, will hang from this peg.’ 25 “At that time,” says the Lord of Heaven’s Armies, “the peg fastened into a solid place will come loose. It will be cut off and fall, and the load hanging on it will be cut off.” Indeed, the Lord has spoken.

Texts in conversation

Compare Isaiah 22:22 and Matthew 16:19

Hebrew Bible · New Testament

Share:

Summary

Matthew 16 echoes Isaiah 22, where Eliakim receives the key that controls access to the royal court. Matthew applies this image to Peter as authority to guide the community, and in Matthew 18 the same role is extended to everyone.

Passages

Isaiah 22:22

Hebrew Bible
20 “‘At that time I will summon my servant Eliakim, son of Hilkiah. 21 I will put your robe on him, tie your belt around him, and transfer your authority to him. He will become a protector of the residents of Jerusalem and of the people of Judah. 22 I will place the key to the house of David on his shoulder. When he opens the door, no one can close it; when he closes the door, no one can open it. 23 I will fasten him like a peg into a solid place; he will bring honor and respect to his father’s family. 24 His father’s family will gain increasing prominence because of him, including the offspring and the offshoots. All the small containers, including the bowls and all the jars, will hang from this peg.’
740–450 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Isaiah

Matthew 16:19

New Testament
17 And Jesus answered him, “You are blessed, Simon son of Jonah, because flesh and blood did not reveal this to you, but my Father in heaven! 18 And I tell you that you are Peter, and on this rock I will build my church, and the gates of Hades will not overpower it. 19 I will give you the keys of the kingdom of heaven. Whatever you bind on earth will have been bound in heaven, and whatever you release on earth will have been released in heaven.” 20 Then he instructed his disciples not to tell anyone that he was the Christ. 21 From that time on Jesus began to show his disciples that he must go to Jerusalem and suffer many things at the hands of the elders, chief priests, and experts in the law, and be killed and on the third day be raised.
70–90 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Matthew

References

"... In verse 19, Jesus introduces the means of forgiveness in the new age by saying, ‘I will give you the keys of the kingdom of heaven,’ showing that the authoritative basis for dealing with sins has passed from the old temple to the new ecclesiological community, which may here be conceived to be a new temple. If Matthew 16:19 is an allusion to Isaiah 22, it might enhance the possibility that Jesus is speaking about the temple. Isaiah 22:22 portrays Eliakim, prime minister to king Hezekiah, as having ‘the key of the house of David on his shoulder’ because he controlled who could enter into the king’s presence and service. There were priestly connotations associated with Eliakim’s kingly administration, since Isaiah 22:21 portrays him clothed with a ‘tunic’ and a ‘sash securely about him’. The Aramaic translation of Isaiah 22:22 says that God ‘will place the key of the sanctuary and the authority of the house of David in his hand’. And then Isaiah 22:24 (of the Aramaic version) says that even Eliakim’s relatives will be ‘priests wearing the ephod’. Like Eliakim, Christ establishes himself as having an authoritative position in the new temple in Matthew 16:18, and then extends his priestly authority to his disciples, who also have priestly authority ..."
G. K. Beale, The Temple and the Church’s Mission: A Biblical Theology of the Dwelling Place of God (Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 2004), 225–226.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

Your feedback

Isaiah 22:22 and Matthew 16:19

Leave a comment

Your questions and comments are welcome!

Comments

Glossary

Search the Library