Go to Related Reading
About this book

Isaiah

About this book
Chapter 22

1 This is an oracle about the Valley of Vision: What is the reason that all of you go up to the rooftops? 2 The noisy city is full of raucous sounds; the town is filled with revelry. Your slain were not cut down by the sword; they did not die in battle. 3 All your leaders ran away together—they fled to a distant place; all your refugees were captured together—they were captured without a single arrow being shot. 4 So I say: “Don’t look at me! I am weeping bitterly. Don’t try to console me concerning the destruction of my defenseless people.” 5 For the Sovereign Lord of Heaven’s Armies has planned a day of panic, defeat, and confusion. In the Valley of Vision people shout and cry out to the hill. 6 The Elamites picked up the quiver and came with chariots and horsemen; the men of Kir prepared the shield. 7 Your very best valleys were full of chariots; horsemen confidently took their positions at the gate. 8 They removed the defenses of Judah. At that time you looked for the weapons in the House of the Forest. 9 You saw the many breaks in the walls of the City of David; you stored up water in the lower pool. 10 You counted the houses in Jerusalem and demolished houses so you could have material to reinforce the wall. 11 You made a reservoir between the two walls for the water of the old pool—but you did not trust in the one who made it; you did not depend on the one who formed it long ago. 12 At that time the Sovereign Lord of Heaven’s Armies called for weeping and mourning, for shaved heads and sackcloth.⁠ 13 But look, there is outright celebration! You say, “Kill the ox and slaughter the sheep, eat meat and drink wine. Eat and drink, for tomorrow we die!” 14 The Lord of Heaven’s Armies told me this: “Certainly this sin will not be forgiven as long as you live,”⁠ says the Sovereign Lord of Heaven’s Armies.⁠ 15 This is what the Sovereign Lord of Heaven’s Armies says: “Go visit this administrator, Shebna, who supervises the palace, and tell him: 16 ‘What right do you have to be here? What relatives do you have buried here? Why do you chisel out a tomb for yourself here? He chisels out his burial site in an elevated place, he carves out his tomb on a cliff. 17 Look, the Lord will throw you far away, you mere man! He will wrap you up tightly. 18 He will wind you up tightly into a ball and throw you into a wide, open land. There you will die, and there with you will be your impressive chariots, which bring disgrace to the house of your master. 19 I will remove you from your office; you will be thrown down from your position. 20 “‘At that time I will summon my servant Eliakim, son of Hilkiah. 21 I will put your robe on him, tie your belt around him, and transfer your authority to him. He will become a protector of the residents of Jerusalem and of the people of Judah. 22 I will place the key to the house of David on his shoulder.⁠ When he opens the door, no one can close it; when he closes the door, no one can open it.⁠ 23 I will fasten him like a peg into a solid place; he will bring honor and respect to his father’s family. 24 His father’s family will gain increasing prominence because of him, including the offspring and the offshoots. All the small containers, including the bowls and all the jars, will hang from this peg.’ 25 “At that time,” says the Lord of Heaven’s Armies, “the peg fastened into a solid place will come loose. It will be cut off and fall, and the load hanging on it will be cut off.” Indeed, the Lord has spoken.

Texts in conversation

Compare Isaiah 22:14 and Matthew 12:31

Hebrew Bible · New Testament

Share:

Summary

In Matthew, Jesus speaks of a sin that cannot be forgiven, drawing on ideas found in Isaiah. In Isaiah, people ignore God’s warning and choose celebration instead of grief, and this disobedience leads to guilt that is declared beyond forgiveness.

Passages

Isaiah 22:14

Hebrew Bible
12 At that time the Sovereign Lord of Heaven’s Armies called for weeping and mourning, for shaved heads and sackcloth. 13 But look, there is outright celebration! You say, “Kill the ox and slaughter the sheep, eat meat and drink wine. Eat and drink, for tomorrow we die!” 14 The Lord of Heaven’s Armies told me this: “Certainly this sin will not be forgiven as long as you live,” says the Sovereign Lord of Heaven’s Armies.
740–450 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Isaiah

Matthew 12:31

New Testament
30 Whoever is not with me is against me, and whoever does not gather with me scatters. 31 For this reason I tell you, people will be forgiven for every sin and blasphemy, but the blasphemy against the Spirit will not be forgiven. 32 Whoever speaks a word against the Son of Man will be forgiven. But whoever speaks against the Holy Spirit will not be forgiven, either in this age or in the age to come.
70–90 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Matthew

References

"... The Holy Spirit here refers to the Jewish Spirit. As the Jews saw it, the Holy Spirit had two functions - to reveal God's truth and to enable men to recognise it. In this case, men had looked on the work of that Spirit but had not recognised it. They refused to accept that what they saw was the work of the Holy Spirit. The sin against the Holy Spirit was the refusing to follow its guidance. Forgiveness is impossible because, since the Holy Spirit can no longer be recognised, its guidance cannot be followed. Here men looked on good but saw evil. How then can repentance be possible if sin and evil cannot be recognised? Thus, this sin alone is unforgivable because by its very nature it precludes the possibility of repentance, the one condition which must be fulfilled before forgiveness can be offered and received. Some commentators see this saying as hyperbole. Jesus was only trying to show forcefully that blasphemy against the Holy Spirit was a far more terrible sin than that against men. This offers an apparently easy explanation but the OT passages cited in support (Numbers 15:3; 1 Samuel 3:14 and Isaiah 22:14) do not, in fact, seem to be entirely relevant. We seem to be left with the view of Vincent Taylor that the sin against the Holy Spirit 'is a perversion of spirit which, in defiance of moral values, elects to call light darkness'. In time, the moral values become upset and we are faced with the situation in which good has become evil and evil good. Repentance, and hence, forgiveness, are therefore impossible. Thus, it is not God, but man himself who brings about the possibility of an unforgivable sin. God's grace is still boundless, but it is man who cannot bring himself to avail of it ..."
John S. Lochrie, “Forgiveness in the New Testament” (MTh diss., The University of Glasgow, 1975), 43–44.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

Your feedback

Isaiah 22:14 and Matthew 12:31

Leave a comment

Your questions and comments are welcome!

Comments

Glossary

Search the Library