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Isaiah

About this book
Chapter 21

1 This is an oracle about the wilderness by the Sea: Like strong winds blowing in the south, one invades from the wilderness, from a land that is feared. 2 I have received a distressing message: “The deceiver deceives, the destroyer destroys. Attack, you Elamites! Lay siege, you Medes! I will put an end to all the groaning.” 3 For this reason my stomach churns; cramps overwhelm me like the contractions of a woman in labor. I am disturbed by what I hear, horrified by what I see. 4 My heart palpitates, I shake in fear; the twilight I desired has brought me terror. 5 Arrange the table, lay out the carpet, eat and drink! Get up, you officers, smear oil on the shields! 6 For this is what the Lord has told me: “Go, post a guard! He must report what he sees. 7 When he sees chariots, teams of horses, riders on donkeys, riders on camels, he must be alert, very alert.”⁠ 8 Then the guard cries out: “On the watchtower, O Lord, I stand all day long; at my post I am stationed every night.⁠ 9 Look what’s coming! A charioteer, a team of horses.” When questioned, he replies, “Babylon has fallen, fallen! All the idols of her gods lie shattered on the ground!”⁠ 10 O my downtrodden people, crushed like stalks on the threshing floor, what I have heard from the Lord of Heaven’s Armies, the God of Israel, I have reported to you. 11 This is an oracle about Dumah: Someone calls to me from Seir, “Watchman, what is left of the night? Watchman, what is left of the night?” 12 The watchman replies, “Morning is coming, but then night. If you want to ask, ask; come back again.” 13 This is an oracle about Arabia: In the thicket of Arabia you spend the night, you Dedanite caravans. 14 Bring out some water for the thirsty. You who live in the land of Tema, bring some food for the fugitives. 15 For they flee from the swords—from the drawn sword, and from the battle-ready bow, and from the severity of the battle. 16 For this is what the Lord has told me: “Within exactly one year all the splendor of Kedar will come to an end. 17 Just a handful of archers, the warriors of Kedar, will be left.” Indeed, the Lord God of Israel has spoken.

Texts in conversation

Compare Isaiah 21:9 and Revelation 14:8

Hebrew Bible · New Testament

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Summary

Revelation’s declaration that Babylon has fallen echoes Isaiah’s watchman who announces the downfall of the city and the shattering of its idols. In Isaiah, this vision describes the collapse of an oppressive empire corrupted by its power.

Passages

Isaiah 21:9

Hebrew Bible
5 Arrange the table, lay out the carpet, eat and drink! Get up, you officers, smear oil on the shields! 6 For this is what the Lord has told me: “Go, post a guard! He must report what he sees. 7 When he sees chariots, teams of horses, riders on donkeys, riders on camels, he must be alert, very alert.” 8 Then the guard cries out: “On the watchtower, O Lord, I stand all day long; at my post I am stationed every night. 9 Look what’s coming! A charioteer, a team of horses.” When questioned, he replies, “Babylon has fallen, fallen! All the idols of her gods lie shattered on the ground!” 10 O my downtrodden people, crushed like stalks on the threshing floor, what I have heard from the Lord of Heaven’s Armies, the God of Israel, I have reported to you.
740–450 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Isaiah

Revelation 14:8

New Testament
6 Then I saw another angel flying directly overhead, and he had an eternal gospel to proclaim to those who live on the earth—to every nation, tribe, language, and people. 7 He declared in a loud voice: “Fear God and give him glory because the hour of his judgment has arrived, and worship the one who made heaven and earth, the sea and the springs of water!” 8 A second angel followed the first, declaring: “Fallen, fallen is Babylon the great city! She made all the nations drink of the wine of her immoral passion.” 9 A third angel followed the first two, declaring in a loud voice: “If anyone worships the beast and his image, and takes the mark on his forehead or his hand, 10 that person will also drink of the wine of God’s anger that has been mixed undiluted in the cup of his wrath, and he will be tortured with fire and sulfur in front of the holy angels and in front of the Lamb.
92–96 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Revelation

References

"... In the book of Isaiah, most references to Babylon have to do with the Lord’s judgment on it. Babylon becomes the prototype of empires that are corrupted by their own power. This corruption leads to their demise. In Jeremiah, where Babylon (including Chaldea and Chaldeans) is mentioned sixty-nine times in chapters 50–51, the root of the corruption is arrogance (50:31-32; being “proud,” RSV). Martens is justified in seeing Babylon as a symbol of evil in the OT (272; see TBC). References to Babylon occur twelve times in the NT. In Matthew’s Gospel (1:11, 12, 17) and in the Acts of the Apostles (7:43), Babylon refers simply to the site of the deportation, after Jerusalem’s fall in 587 BC. In the other New Testament references, however, Babylon serves as a pseudonym for Rome. These references are all in the Revelation of John (except one reference in 1 Peter 5:13). The angelic announcement of Babylon’s (Rome’s) fall in Revelation 14:8 and 18:2 echoes the announcement of Babylon’s fall in Isaiah 21:9 ..."
Ivan D. Friesen, Isaiah, BCBC (Scottdale, PA: Herald, 2009), 291.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Isaiah 21:9 and Revelation 14:8

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