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Isaiah

About this book
Chapter 14

1 The Lord will certainly have compassion on Jacob; he will again choose Israel as his special people and restore them to their land. Resident foreigners will join them and unite with the family of Jacob.⁠ 2 Nations will take them and bring them back to their own place. Then the family of Israel will make foreigners their servants as they settle in the Lord’s land. They will make their captors captives and rule over the ones who oppressed them. 3 When the Lord gives you relief from your suffering and anxiety and from the hard labor that you were made to perform, 4 you will taunt the king of Babylon with these words: “Look how the oppressor has met his end! Hostility has ceased! 5 The Lord has broken the club of the wicked, the scepter of rulers. 6 It furiously struck down nations with unceasing blows. It angrily ruled over nations, oppressing them without restraint. 7 The whole earth rests and is quiet;⁠ they break into song. 8 The evergreens also rejoice over your demise, as do the cedars of Lebanon, singing, ‘Since you fell asleep, no woodsman comes up to chop us down!’⁠ 9 Sheol below is stirred up about you, ready to meet you when you arrive. It rouses the spirits of the dead for you, all the former leaders of the earth; it makes all the former kings of the nations rise from their thrones.⁠ 10 All of them respond to you, saying: ‘You too have become weak like us! You have become just like us! 11 Your splendor has been brought down to Sheol, as well as the sound of your stringed instruments. You lie on a bed of maggots, with a blanket of worms over you.’ 12 “Look how you have fallen from the sky, O shining one, son of the dawn!⁠ You have been cut down to the ground,⁠ O conqueror of the nations!⁠ 13 You said to yourself, ‘I will climb up to the sky. Above the stars of El I will set up my throne.⁠ I will rule on the mountain of assembly on the remote slopes of Zaphon.⁠ 14 I will climb up to the tops of the clouds; I will make myself like the Most High!’⁠ 15 But you were brought down to Sheol, to the remote slopes of the Pit. 16 Those who see you stare at you, they look at you carefully, thinking: ‘Is this the man who shook the earth, the one who made kingdoms tremble? 17 Is this the one who made the world like a wilderness, who ruined its cities and refused to free his prisoners so they could return home?’ 18 As for all the kings of the nations, all of them lie down in splendor, each in his own tomb. 19 But you have been thrown out of your grave like a shoot that is thrown away. You lie among the slain, among those who have been slashed by the sword, among those headed for the stones of the Pit, as if you were a mangled corpse. 20 You will not be buried with them, because you destroyed your land and killed your people. “The offspring of the wicked will never be mentioned again. 21 Prepare to execute his sons for the sins their ancestors have committed. They must not rise up and take possession of the earth or fill the surface of the world with cities. 22 “I will rise up against them,” says the Lord of Heaven’s Armies. “I will blot out all remembrance of Babylon and destroy all her people, including the offspring she produces,” says the Lord. 23 “I will turn her into a place that is overrun with wild animals and covered with pools of stagnant water. I will get rid of her, just as one sweeps away dirt with a broom,” says the Lord of Heaven’s Armies. 24 The Lord of Heaven’s Armies makes this solemn vow: “Be sure of this: Just as I have intended, so it will be; just as I have planned, it will happen. 25 I will break Assyria in my land, I will trample them underfoot on my hills. Their yoke will be removed from my people, the burden will be lifted from their shoulders. 26 This is the plan I have devised for the whole earth; my hand is ready to strike all the nations.” 27 Indeed, the Lord of Heaven’s Armies has a plan, and who can possibly frustrate it? His hand is ready to strike, and who can possibly stop it?⁠ 28 This oracle came in the year that King Ahaz died: 29 Don’t be so happy, all you Philistines, just because the club that beat you has been broken! For a viper will grow out of the serpent’s root, and its fruit will be a darting adder. 30 The poor will graze in my pastures; the needy will rest securely. But I will kill your root by famine; it will put to death all your survivors. 31 Wail, O city gate! Cry out, O city! Melt with fear, all you Philistines! For out of the north comes a cloud of smoke, and there are no stragglers in its ranks. 32 How will they respond to the messengers of this nation? Indeed, the Lord has made Zion secure; the oppressed among his people will find safety in her.

Texts in conversation

Compare Isaiah 14:7 and Zechariah 1:11

Hebrew Bible

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Summary

Zechariah reuses Isaiah’s language about peace after an empire’s fall but turns it in a darker direction. Isaiah describes the world resting because oppression has ended. Zechariah uses the same words to show nations at ease while Jerusalem suffers.

Passages

Isaiah 14:7

Hebrew Bible
5 The Lord has broken the club of the wicked, the scepter of rulers. 6 It furiously struck down nations with unceasing blows. It angrily ruled over nations, oppressing them without restraint. 7 The whole earth rests and is quiet; they break into song. 8 The evergreens also rejoice over your demise, as do the cedars of Lebanon, singing, ‘Since you fell asleep, no woodsman comes up to chop us down!’ 9 Sheol below is stirred up about you, ready to meet you when you arrive. It rouses the spirits of the dead for you, all the former leaders of the earth; it makes all the former kings of the nations rise from their thrones.
740–450 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Isaiah

Zechariah 1:11

Hebrew Bible
9 Then I asked one nearby, “What are these, sir?” The angelic messenger who replied to me said, “I will show you what these are.” 10 Then the man standing among the myrtle trees spoke up and said, “These are the ones whom the Lord has sent to walk about on the earth.” 11 The riders then agreed with the angel of the Lord, who was standing among the myrtle trees, “We have been walking about on the earth, and now everything is at rest and quiet.” 12 The angel of the Lord then asked, “O Lord of Heaven’s Armies, how long before you have compassion on Jerusalem and the other cities of Judah that you have been so angry with for these 70 years?” 13 The Lord then addressed good, comforting words to the angelic messenger who was speaking to me.
500–401 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Zechariah

References

"... To summarize the main points thus far, the news that “all the earth is at rest and quiet” in Zechariah 1:11 is not good news for Zechariah’s audience, as evidenced by the ensuing lament of Zechariah 1:12. This phrase alludes to Isaiah 14:7, and it does not necessarily need to be read in the way Isaiah uses it, that is, positively. Instead, if the context is allowed its due weight, the phrase cannot be positive. I suggest that Zechariah is here recalling Isaiah for rhetorical effect. A message of salvation that should have resulted in rejoicing is instead recalled and applied to a different object, the nations, with the opposite result, lamenting. The original intent of Isaiah’s message heightens the despair effected by Zechariah’s use of the phrase in this context. By incorporating an allusion, the report of Zechariah’s messengers not only describes the ease of the surrounding nations, from which Jerusalem is excluded, but it also brings to mind the promised peace of the Lord through Isaiah that at this time is yet to be. ..."
Matthew Thomas Seufert, “Zechariah: Select Problems and Allusive Solutions” (diss., The Southern Baptist Theological Seminary, 2017), 57–58.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Isaiah 14:7 and Zechariah 1:11

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