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Isaiah

About this book
Chapter 13

1 This is an oracle about Babylon that Isaiah son of Amoz saw: 2 On a bare hill raise a signal flag; shout to them, wave your hand so they might enter the gates of the princes! 3 I have given orders to my chosen soldiers; I have summoned the warriors through whom I will vent my anger— my boasting, arrogant ones. 4 There is a loud noise on the mountains— it sounds like a large army! There is great commotion among the kingdoms— nations are being assembled! The Lord of Heaven’s Armies is mustering forces for battle. 5 They come from a distant land, from the horizon. It is the Lord with his instruments of judgment coming to destroy the whole earth. 6 Wail, for the Lord’s day of judgment is near; it comes with all the destructive power of the Sovereign One. 7 For this reason all hands hang limp, every human heart loses its courage. 8 They panic—cramps and pain seize hold of them like those of a woman who is straining to give birth. They look at one another in astonishment; their faces are flushed red.⁠ 9 Look, the Lord’s day of judgment is coming; it is a day of cruelty and savage, raging anger, destroying the earth and annihilating its sinners. 10 Indeed the stars in the sky and their constellations no longer give out their light; the sun is darkened as soon as it rises, and the moon does not shine.⁠ 11 I will punish the world for its evil and wicked people for their sin. I will put an end to the pride of the insolent, I will bring down the arrogance of tyrants. 12 I will make human beings more scarce than pure gold and people more scarce than gold from Ophir. 13 So I will shake the heavens, and the earth will shake loose from its foundation, because of the fury of the Lord of Heaven’s Armies, in the day he vents his raging anger.⁠ 14 Like a frightened gazelle or a sheep with no shepherd, each will turn toward home, each will run to his homeland.⁠ 15 Everyone who is caught will be stabbed; everyone who is seized will die by the sword. 16 Their children will be smashed to pieces before their very eyes; their houses will be looted and their wives raped.⁠ 17 Look, I am stirring up the Medes to attack them;⁠ they are not concerned about silver, nor are they interested in gold. 18 Their arrows will cut young men to ribbons; they have no compassion on a person’s offspring; they will not look with pity on children. 19 Babylon, the most admired of kingdoms, the Chaldeans’ source of honor and pride, will be destroyed by God just as Sodom and Gomorrah were. 20 No one will live there again; no one will ever reside there again. No bedouin will camp there, no shepherds will rest their flocks there. 21 Wild animals will rest there, the ruined houses will be full of hyenas. Ostriches will live there,⁠ wild goats will skip among the ruins.⁠ 22 Wild dogs will yip in her ruined fortresses, jackals will yelp in the once-splendid palaces. Her time is almost up, her days will not be prolonged.

Texts in conversation

Compare Isaiah 13:10 and Revelation 8:12

Hebrew Bible · New Testament

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Summary

Revelation’s image of the sun, moon, and stars becoming dark echoes Isaiah’s description of Babylon's fall, where their fading light symbolizes collapse. Revelation reshapes it with the plague of darkness from Exodus, into a universal judgment on empire.

Passages

Isaiah 13:10

Hebrew Bible
6 Wail, for the Lord’s day of judgment is near; it comes with all the destructive power of the Sovereign One. 7 For this reason all hands hang limp, every human heart loses its courage. 8 They panic—cramps and pain seize hold of them like those of a woman who is straining to give birth. They look at one another in astonishment; their faces are flushed red. 9 Look, the Lord’s day of judgment is coming; it is a day of cruelty and savage, raging anger, destroying the earth and annihilating its sinners. 10 Indeed the stars in the sky and their constellations no longer give out their light; the sun is darkened as soon as it rises, and the moon does not shine. 11 I will punish the world for its evil and wicked people for their sin. I will put an end to the pride of the insolent, I will bring down the arrogance of tyrants.
740–450 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Isaiah

Revelation 8:12

New Testament
12 Then the fourth angel blew his trumpet, and a third of the sun was struck, and a third of the moon, and a third of the stars, so that a third of them were darkened. And there was no light for a third of the day and for a third of the night likewise. 13 Then I looked, and I heard an eagle flying directly overhead, proclaiming with a loud voice, “Woe! Woe! Woe to those who live on the earth because of the remaining sounds of the trumpets of the three angels who are about to blow them!”
92–96 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Revelation

References

"... The symbolic nature of the recapitulated descriptions of these judgments is supported by the way the Hebrew prophets used similar language of cosmic upheaval to symbolically describe God’s judgments against nations that were carried out historically by human armies (the defeat of Babylon [Isaiah 13:10–13], Edom [Isaiah 34:4], Egypt [Ezekiel 32:6–8], and Israel’s enemies [Habakkuk 3:6–11]) ... The hardening function of the judgments parallels the effect of God’s judgments on Pharaoh who likewise was hardened and refused to repent (Exodus 7:22–23; 8:15, 19, 32; 9:7, 12, 34–35; 10:20, 27; 11:10; 14:5). This parallel is strengthened by the obvious connection of the trumpet and bowl judgments with the plagues sent against Egypt leading up to the Exodus ... The first trumpet brings hail and fire (Revelation 8:7) and corresponds to Exodus 9:22–25. The second and third trumpets turn water to blood (Revelation 8:8–11) and correspond to Exodus 7:20–25. The fourth trumpet brings darkness (Revelation 8:12) and corresponds to Exodus 10:21–23 ..."
Alexander Stewart, Soteriology as Motivation in the Apocalypse of John (Piscataway, NJ: Gorgias, 2015), 105.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Isaiah 13:10 and Revelation 8:12

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