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Isaiah

About this book
Chapter 10

1 Beware, those who enact unjust policies those who are always instituting unfair regulations, 2 to keep the poor from getting fair treatment and to deprive the oppressed among my people of justice, so they can steal what widows own and loot what belongs to orphans. 3 What will you do on the day of visitation5, when destruction arrives from a distant place?⁠ To whom will you run for help? Where will you leave your wealth? 4 You will have no place to go, except to kneel with the prisoners or to fall among those who have been killed. Despite all this, his anger does not subside, and his hand is ready to strike again. 5 “Beware, Assyria, the club I use to vent my anger, a cudgel with which I angrily punish. 6 I sent him against a godless nation, I ordered him to attack the people with whom I was angry, to take plunder and to carry away loot, to trample them down like dirt in the streets. 7 But he does not agree with this; his mind does not reason this way, for his goal is to destroy and to eliminate many nations. 8 Indeed, he says: ‘Are not my officials all kings? 9 Is not Calneh like Carchemish? Hamath like Arpad? Samaria like Damascus?⁠ 10 I overpowered kingdoms ruled by idols, whose carved images were more impressive than Jerusalem’s or Samaria’s. 11 As I have done to Samaria and its idols, so I will do to Jerusalem and its idols.” 12 But when the Lord finishes judging Mount Zion and Jerusalem, then he will punish the king of Assyria for what he has proudly planned and for the arrogant attitude he displays.⁠ 13 For he says: “By my strong hand I have accomplished this, by my strategy that I devised. I invaded the territory of nations and looted their storehouses. Like a mighty conqueror, I brought down rulers. 14 My hand discovered the wealth of the nations, as if it were in a nest; as one gathers up abandoned eggs, I gathered up the whole earth. There was no wing flapping or open mouth chirping.” 15 Does an ax exalt itself over the one who wields it or a saw magnify itself over the one who cuts with it? As if a scepter should brandish the one who raises it or a staff should lift up what is not made of wood! 16 For this reason the Sovereign Lord of Heaven’s Armies will make his healthy ones emaciated. His majestic glory will go up in smoke. 17 The Light of Israel will become a fire, their Holy One will become a flame; it will burn and consume the Assyrian king’s briers and his thorns in one day. 18 The splendor of his forest and his orchard will be completely destroyed, as when a sick man’s life ebbs away. 19 There will be so few trees left in his forest, a child will be able to count them. 20 At that time those left in Israel, those who remain of the family of Jacob, will no longer rely on a foreign leader that abuses them. Instead they will truly rely on the Lord, the Holy One of Israel. 21 A remnant will come back, a remnant of Jacob, to the mighty God. 22 For though your people, Israel, are as numerous as the sand on the seashore, only a remnant will come back. Destruction has been decreed; just punishment is about to engulf you.⁠ 23 The Sovereign Lord of Heaven’s Armies is certainly ready to carry out the decreed destruction throughout the land. 24 So here is what the Sovereign Lord of Heaven’s Armies says: “My people who live in Zion, do not be afraid of Assyria, even though they beat you with a club and lift their cudgel against you as Egypt did. 25 For very soon my fury will subside, and my anger will be directed toward their destruction.” 26 The Lord of Heaven’s Armies is about to beat them with a whip, similar to the way he struck down Midian at the rock of Oreb. He will use his staff against the sea, lifting it up as he did in Egypt. 27 At that time the Lord will remove their burden from your shoulders and their yoke from your neck; the yoke will be taken off because your neck will be too large.⁠ 28 They attacked Aiath, moved through Migron, depositing their supplies at Micmash. 29 They went through the pass, spent the night at Geba. Ramah trembled, Gibeah of Saul ran away. 30 Shout out, daughter of Gallim! Pay attention, Laishah! Answer her, Anathoth! 31 Madmenah flees, the residents of Gebim have hidden. 32 This very day, standing in Nob, they shake their fist at Daughter Zion’s mountain—at the hill of Jerusalem. 33 Look, the Sovereign Lord of Heaven’s Armies is ready to cut off the branches with terrifying power. The tallest trees will be cut down, the loftiest ones will be brought low. 34 The thickets of the forest will be chopped down with an ax, and mighty Lebanon will fall.

Texts in conversation

Compare Isaiah 10:12 and Daniel 7:8

Hebrew Bible

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Summary

Isaiah depicts the king of Assyria boasting of conquest and claiming unmatched power, only to face judgment for his arrogance. Daniel portrays a similar figure in the little horn, a violent and arrogant ruler who speaks boastfully.

Passages

Isaiah 10:12

Hebrew Bible
10 I overpowered kingdoms ruled by idols, whose carved images were more impressive than Jerusalem’s or Samaria’s. 11 As I have done to Samaria and its idols, so I will do to Jerusalem and its idols.” 12 But when the Lord finishes judging Mount Zion and Jerusalem, then he will punish the king of Assyria for what he has proudly planned and for the arrogant attitude he displays. 13 For he says: “By my strong hand I have accomplished this, by my strategy that I devised. I invaded the territory of nations and looted their storehouses. Like a mighty conqueror, I brought down rulers. 14 My hand discovered the wealth of the nations, as if it were in a nest; as one gathers up abandoned eggs, I gathered up the whole earth. There was no wing flapping or open mouth chirping.”
740–450 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Isaiah

Daniel 7:8

Hebrew Bible
7 “After these things, as I was watching in the night visions a fourth beast appeared—one dreadful, terrible, and very strong. It had two large rows of iron teeth. It devoured and crushed, and anything that was left it trampled with its feet. It was different from all the beasts that came before it, and it had 10 horns. 8 “As I was contemplating the horns, another horn—a small one—came up between them, and three of the former horns were torn out by the roots to make room for it. This horn had eyes resembling human eyes and a mouth speaking arrogant things. 9 “While I was watching, thrones were set up, and the Ancient of Days took his seat. His attire was white like snow; the hair of his head was like lamb’s wool. His throne was ablaze with fire, and its wheels were all aflame. 10 A river of fire was streaming forth and proceeding from his presence. Many thousands were ministering to him; many tens of thousands stood ready to serve him. The court convened, and the books were opened.
200–101 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Daniel

References

"... In the vision itself, the “little horn” is narratively drawn in a few spare lines (Daniel 7:8). Especially given the interest shown by the Hebrew apocalypses in allusively tying the career of Antiochus IV to that of Assyria in Isaiah 10, it is reasonable to ask whether the narrator of Daniel 7:8 also portrays its “little horn” in terms reminiscent of that source text. The features peculiar to the “little horn” of the fourth beast are not explicable in terms of internal allusion to Daniel 1–6. Rather, it can be argued that these features find explanation in allusion to Isaiah. Not surprisingly, this allusion emphatically supports the thematic shift in emphasis underway in Daniel 7: in Daniel 1–6, rebellion by foreign rulers against the God of Israel is exceptional, and is quashed with little if any harm done to the people Israel (Daniel 4 and 5). In Daniel 7, foreign rule assumes a character more consistent and unregenerate in its rebellion. Such rebellion has not been without foreshadowing precedent in Daniel 4–5; but whereas the defections of Nebuchadnezzar and Belshazzar are short-lived and of limited consequence, the rebellion of the “little horn” is granted a measure of success, allowing harm to “the whole earth” (Daniel 7:23) and to those faithfully aligned with God (Daniel 7:21, 25) ..."
G. Brooke Lester, Daniel Evokes Isaiah: Allusive Characterization of Foreign Rule in the Hebrew–Aramaic Book of Daniel, LHBOTS 606 (London: T&T Clark, 2015), 85.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Isaiah 10:12 and Daniel 7:8

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