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Hosea

About this book
Chapter 9

1 O Israel, do not rejoice jubilantly like the nations, for you are unfaithful to your God. You love to receive a prostitute’s wages on all the floors where you thresh your grain. 2 Threshing floors and wine vats will not feed the people, and new wine only deceives them. 3 They will not remain in the Lord’s land. Ephraim will return to Egypt; they will eat ritually unclean food in Assyria.⁠ 4 They will not pour out drink offerings of wine to the Lord; they will not please him with their sacrifices. Their sacrifices will be like bread eaten while in mourning; all those who eat them will make themselves ritually unclean. For their bread will be only to satisfy their appetite; it will not come into the temple of the Lord. 5 So what will you do on the festival day, on the festival days of the Lord? 6 Look! Even if they flee from the destruction, Egypt will take hold of them, and Memphis will bury them. The weeds will inherit the silver they treasure—thornbushes will occupy their homes. 7 The time of judgment is about to arrive! The time of retribution is imminent! Israel will be humbled! The prophet is considered a fool—the inspired man is viewed as a madman—because of the multitude of your sins and your intense animosity. 8 The prophet is a watchman over Ephraim on behalf of God, yet traps are laid for him along all his paths; animosity rages against him in the land of his God. 9 They have sunk deep into corruption as in the days of Gibeah. He will remember their wrongdoing. He will repay them for their sins. 10 When I found Israel, it was like finding grapes in the wilderness.⁠ I viewed your ancestors like an early fig on a fig tree in its first season.⁠ Then they came to Baal Peor, and they dedicated themselves to shame—they⁠ became as detestable as what they loved. 11 Ephraim will be like a bird; what they value will fly away. They will not bear children—they will not enjoy pregnancy—they will not even conceive! 12 Even if they raise their children, I will take away every last one of them. Woe to them! For I will turn away from them. 13 Ephraim, as I have seen, has given their children for prey; Ephraim will bear his sons for slaughter. 14 Give them, O Lord—what will you give them? Give them wombs that miscarry, and breasts that cannot nurse! 15 Because of all their evil in Gilgal, I hate them there. On account of their evil deeds, I will drive them out of my land. I will no longer love them; all their rulers are rebels. 16 Ephraim will be struck down—their root will be dried up; they will not yield any fruit. Even if they do bear children, I will kill their precious offspring. 17 My God will reject them, for they have not obeyed him; so they will be fugitives among the nations.

Texts in conversation

Compare Deuteronomy 32:10 and Hosea 9:10

Hebrew Bible

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Summary

Hosea 9 echoes Deuteronomy 32 by describing how God found Israel in the wilderness, using imagery of discovery and care. Both portray God's love and protection from Israel’s earliest moments, emphasizing a relationship based on God's devotion.

Passages

Deuteronomy 32:10

Hebrew Bible
8 When the Most High gave the nations their inheritance, when he divided up humankind, he set the boundaries of the peoples, according to the number of the heavenly assembly. 9 For the Lord’s allotment is his people, Jacob is his special possession. 10 The Lord found him in a desolate land, in an empty wasteland where animals howl. He continually guarded him and taught him; he continually protected him like the pupil of his eye. 11 Like an eagle that stirs up its nest, that hovers over its young, so the Lord spread out his wings and took him, he lifted him up on his pinions.
750–400 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Deuteronomy

Hosea 9:10

Hebrew Bible
9 They have sunk deep into corruption as in the days of Gibeah. He will remember their wrongdoing. He will repay them for their sins. 10 When I found Israel, it was like finding grapes in the wilderness. I viewed your ancestors like an early fig on a fig tree in its first season. Then they came to Baal Peor, and they dedicated themselves to shame—they became as detestable as what they loved. 11 Ephraim will be like a bird; what they value will fly away. They will not bear children—they will not enjoy pregnancy—they will not even conceive!
600–501 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Hosea

References

"... According to Hosea 9:10, YHWH found Israel, “like finding grapes in the desert.” The same is described in the old poem in Deuteronomy 32:10 (and maybe in Jeremiah 31:1). In contrast to his predecessors, Ezekiel does not admit a primeval period of blissful innocence. He sees corruption at the very beginning of the city, in its pagan, idolatrous origins with an Amorite father and a Hittite mother (verse 3, repeated in verse 45 in the inverse order; this secondary inclusio shows a gradual growth of these texts) ..."
Daniel Bodi, “When YHWH's Wife, Jerusalem, Became a Strange Woman: Inversion of Values in Ezekiel 16 in Light of Ištar Cult,” in Foreign Women—Women in Foreign Lands: Studies on Foreignness and Gender in the Hebrew Bible and the Ancient Near East in the First Millennium BCE, ed. Angelika Berlejung and Marianne Grohmann (Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2019), 77–108.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Deuteronomy 32:10 and Hosea 9:10

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