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Hosea

About this book
Chapter 6

1 Come on! Let’s return to the Lord. He himself has torn us to pieces, but he will heal us! He has injured us, but he will bandage our wounds! 2 He will restore us in a very short time; he will heal us in a little while, so that we may live in his presence.⁠ 3 So let us search for him! Let us seek to know the Lord! He will come to our rescue as certainly as the appearance of the dawn, as certainly as the winter rain comes, as certainly as the spring rain that waters the land. 4 What am I going to do with you, O Ephraim? What am I going to do with you, O Judah? For your faithfulness is as fleeting as the morning mist; it disappears as quickly as dawn’s dew. 5 Therefore, I will certainly cut you into pieces at the hands of the prophets; I will certainly kill you in fulfillment of my oracles of judgment, for my judgment will come forth like the light of the dawn. 6 For I delight in faithfulness, not simply in sacrifice; I delight in acknowledging God, not simply in whole burnt offerings.⁠ 7 At Adam they broke the covenant; Oh how they were unfaithful to me! 8 Gilead is a city full of evildoers; its streets are stained with bloody footprints! 9 The company of priests is like a gang of robbers, lying in ambush to pounce on a victim. They commit murder on the road to Shechem; they have done heinous crimes! 10 I have seen a disgusting thing in the house of Israel: There Ephraim commits prostitution with other gods, and Israel defiles itself. 11 I have appointed a time to reap judgment for you also, O Judah! Whenever I want to restore the fortunes of my people,

Texts in conversation

Compare Hosea 6:2 and Jonathan Hosea 6:2

Hebrew Bible · Targum

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Summary

Hosea 6 speaks of Israel’s restoration after suffering, using imagery of healing and recovery on the third day. The Aramaic translation in Targum Jonathan interprets the restoration as a reference to the final resurrection.

Passages

Hosea 6:2

Hebrew Bible
1 Come on! Let’s return to the Lord. He himself has torn us to pieces, but he will heal us! He has injured us, but he will bandage our wounds! 2 He will restore us in a very short time; he will heal us in a little while, so that we may live in his presence. 3 So let us search for him! Let us seek to know the Lord! He will come to our rescue as certainly as the appearance of the dawn, as certainly as the winter rain comes, as certainly as the spring rain that waters the land.
600–501 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Hosea

Jonathan Hosea 6:2

Targum
1 They will say to Him and we will return to the table of the LORD, for He is the one who provides and nourishes, and the one who brings bounty to us, may He continue to bless us. 2 He will give us life in the days of consolations that will come; on the day of the resurrection of the dead he will raise us up and we shall live before him. 3 And we will diligently seek to know the fear of the LORD, like the morning light that shines brightly on its path, and may He give us strength, like the rain that strengthens the earth.
200–300 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Jonathan Hosea

References

"... In its original context, there is little reason to doubt that Hos 6:2 is a reference to the restoration and healing of Israel, and not the resurrection of the dead. In later interpretation, however, probably beginning with the LXX and culminating in the targumic translation, the text was taken to describe the resurrection. W. Edward Glenny notes that for “early readers of the LXX, who were reading Hosea 6:2 in its context, the verse would be understood first of all to refer to the Lord’s restoration of his people, Israel, to himself and the nation’s resurrection back to life after a period, hopefully short (‘the third day’), of his chastisement of them.” He also admits, however, that the combination of “the third day,” “we will rise up” and “we will live” “suggest the resurrection of the dead in Hosea 6:2.” This implies that early readers of the LXX could have interpreted 6:2 to refer to resurrection, and this is reflected in later Jewish interpretation of the passage ..."
John G. Cook, Raised on the Third Day According to the Scriptures: Hosea 6:2 in Jewish Tradition (Leiden: Brill, 2019), 188–211.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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