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Hosea

About this book
Chapter 13

1 When Ephraim spoke, there was terror; he was exalted in Israel, but he became guilty by worshiping Baal and died. 2 Even now they persist in sin! They make metal images for themselves, idols that they skillfully fashion from their own silver; all of them are nothing but the work of craftsmen. There is a saying about them: “Those who sacrifice to the calf idol are calf kissers!” 3 Therefore they will disappear like the morning mist, like early morning dew that evaporates, like chaff that is blown away from a threshing floor, like smoke that disappears through an open window. 4 But I am the Lord your God, who brought you out of Egypt.⁠ Therefore, you must not acknowledge any God but me.⁠ Except for me there is no Savior.⁠ 5 I cared for you in the wilderness, in the dry desert where no water was. 6 When they were fed, they became satisfied; when they were satisfied, they became proud; as a result, they forgot me!⁠ 7 So I will pounce on them like a lion; like a leopard I will lurk by the path. 8 I will attack them like a bear robbed of her cubs—I will rip open their chests. I will devour them there like a lion—like a wild animal would tear them apart.⁠ 9 I will destroy you, O Israel! Who is there to help you? 10 Where then is your king, that he may save you in all your cities? Where are your rulers for whom you asked, saying, “Give me a king and princes”? 11 I granted you a king in my anger, and I will take him away in my wrath! 12 The punishment of Ephraim has been decreed; his punishment is being stored up for the future. 13 The labor pains of a woman will overtake him, but the baby will lack wisdom; when the time arrives, he will not come out of the womb! 14 Will I deliver them from the power of Sheol? No, I will not! Will I redeem them from death? No, I will not! O Death, bring on your plagues! O Sheol, bring on your destruction! My eyes will not show any compassion!⁠ 15 Even though he flourishes like a reed plant, a scorching east wind will come, a wind from the Lord rising up from the desert. As a result, his spring will dry up; his well will become dry. That wind will spoil all his delightful foods in the containers in his storehouse. 16 (14:1) Samaria will be held guilty because she rebelled against her God. They will fall by the sword; their infants will be dashed to the ground—their pregnant women will be ripped open.⁠

Texts in conversation

Compare Isaiah 43:11 and Hosea 13:4

Hebrew Bible

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Summary

Isaiah 43 and Hosea 13 use similar expressions that describe God as the only source of help. This shared language shows how prophetic books draw on each other and reveals literary dependence that shapes their language.

Passages

Isaiah 43:11

Hebrew Bible
9 All nations gather together, the peoples assemble. Who among them announced this? Who predicted earlier events for us? Let them produce their witnesses to testify they were right; let them listen and affirm, “It is true.” 10 “You are my witnesses,” says the Lord, “my servant whom I have chosen so that you may consider and believe in me, and understand that I am he. No god was formed before me, and none will outlive me. 11 I, I am the Lord, and there is no deliverer besides me. 12 I decreed and delivered and proclaimed, and there was no other god among you. You are my witnesses,” says the Lord, “that I am God. 13 From this day forward I am he; no one can deliver from my power; I will act, and who can prevent it?”
740–450 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Isaiah

Hosea 13:4

Hebrew Bible
2 Even now they persist in sin! They make metal images for themselves, idols that they skillfully fashion from their own silver; all of them are nothing but the work of craftsmen. There is a saying about them: “Those who sacrifice to the calf idol are calf kissers!” 3 Therefore they will disappear like the morning mist, like early morning dew that evaporates, like chaff that is blown away from a threshing floor, like smoke that disappears through an open window. 4 But I am the Lord your God, who brought you out of Egypt. Therefore, you must not acknowledge any God but me. Except for me there is no Savior. 5 I cared for you in the wilderness, in the dry desert where no water was. 6 When they were fed, they became satisfied; when they were satisfied, they became proud; as a result, they forgot me!
600–501 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Hosea

References

"... The verbal connections between Isaiah 40-55 and the rest of the prophetic literature are numerous. Among the most well-known are Isaiah 40:3 and Malachi 3:1, which both speak of preparing the way for YHWH and which are conflated in Mark 1:2-3, and Isaiah 52:7 and Nahum 1:15, the substance of which is quoted in Romans 10:15. Other notable verbal parallels include the attestation of YHWH as the only Savior in Isaiah 43:11 and Hosea 13:4 and the identical phrase placed in the mouths of Babylon and Nineveh in Isaiah 47:8 and Zephaniah 2:15 ..."
Aaron C. Fenlason, “Translation Technique and the Intertextuality of Creation in LXX Isaiah 40–55” (PhD diss., Midwestern Baptist Theological Seminary, 2022), 225.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Isaiah 43:11 and Hosea 13:4

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