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On the Trinity, Book 12

About this book
Chapter 37

But now, so that the terms 'creation' and 'establishing' would not stand in the way of belief in the divine birth, these words follow: Before He made the earth, before He made the mountains firm, before all the hills He begot Me.⁠ So He Who is established before the ages is begotten before the earth; and not only before the earth, but also before the mountains and hills. And indeed in these expressions, since Wisdom is speaking of itself, more is meant than is said. For all the objects used to convey the idea of infinity must be such that they come after no single thing and no class of things in time. But things existing in time cannot possibly serve to indicate eternity; for, because they come after other things, they cannot suggest the thought of infinity as a beginning, since they themselves have their own beginning in time. For what wonder is it that God should have begotten the Lord Christ before the earth, when the origin of the angels is found to be prior to the creation of the earth? Or why should He Who was said to be begotten before the earth also be declared born before the mountains, and not only before the mountains but also before the hills, when the hills are mentioned as an afterthought after the mountains, and reason requires that there be a world before mountains could exist? For these reasons it cannot be supposed that these words were used merely so that He might be understood to exist prior to hills and mountains and earth, when by the eternity of His own infinity He surpasses things that are themselves prior to earth and mountains and hills.

Texts in conversation

Hilary of Poitiers Reads the Septuagint of Proverbs as the Father Begetting the Son

Septuagint · Early Christian

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Summary

The Christian theologian Hilary of Poitiers draws on the Greek Septuagint translation of Proverbs 8:25 to defend Trinitarian theology, arguing that it describes the Father eternally "begetting" the Son before creation.

Passages

LXX Proverbs 8:25

Septuagint
22 The Lord made me the beginning of his ways for his works. 23 He established me before time was in the beginning, 24 before he made the earth, and before he made the depths; before the fountains of water came forth: 25 before the mountains were settled, and before all hills, he begets me. 26 The Lord made countries and uninhabited tracts, and the highest inhabited parts of the world.
100–1 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in LXX Proverbs

Hilary of Poitiers, On the Trinity 12.37

Early Christian
But now, so that the terms 'creation' and 'establishing' would not stand in the way of belief in the divine birth, these words follow: Before He made the earth, before He made the mountains firm, before all the hills He begot Me. So He Who is established before the ages is begotten before the earth; and not only before the earth, but also before the mountains and hills. And indeed in these expressions, since Wisdom is speaking of itself, more is meant than is said.

References

... The text continues, 'Before he made the mountains, before all the hills, he begot (genuit) me' (Proverbs 8:25-26, the Septuagint). Here we read, notes Hilary, that the one who was established ante saecula was already begotten. By stating that Wisdom was begotten before the temporal creations of earth, mountains, and hills, the text is attempting to draw our mind to the contemplation of infinity, and particularly Wisdom's infinite eternity ...
Carl L. Beckwith, Hilary of Poitiers on the Trinity: From De Fide to De Trinitate, OECS (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008), 204–205.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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LXX Proverbs 8:25 and Hilary of Poitiers, On the Trinity 12.37

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