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Hebrews

About this book
Chapter 9

1 Now the first covenant, in fact, had regulations for worship and its earthly sanctuary. 2 For a tent was prepared, the outer one, which contained the lampstand, the table, and the presentation of the loaves; this is called the Holy Place. 3 And after the second curtain there was a tent called the holy of holies. 4 It contained the golden altar of incense⁠ and the ark of the covenant covered entirely with gold. In this ark were the golden urn containing the manna, Aaron’s rod that budded, and the stone tablets of the covenant. 5 And above the ark were the cherubim of glory overshadowing the mercy seat. Now is not the time to speak of these things in detail. 6 So with these things prepared like this, the priests enter continually into the outer tent as they perform their duties. 7 But only the high priest enters once a year into the inner tent,⁠ and not without blood that he offers for himself and for the sins of the people committed in ignorance. 8 The Holy Spirit is making clear that the way into the Holy Place had not yet appeared as long as the old tabernacle was standing.⁠ 9 This was a symbol for the time then present, when gifts and sacrifices were offered that could not perfect the conscience of the worshiper. 10 They served only for matters of food and drink and various ritual washings; they are external regulations imposed until the new order came. 11 But now Christ has come as the high priest of the good things to come. He passed through the greater and more perfect tent not made with hands, that is, not of this creation,⁠ 12 and he entered once for all into the Most Holy Place not by the blood of goats and calves but by his own blood, and so he himself secured eternal redemption. 13 For if the blood of goats and bulls and the ashes of a young cow sprinkled on those who are defiled consecrated them and provided ritual purity,⁠ 14 how much more will the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself without blemish to God, purify our consciences from dead works to worship the living God. 15 And so he is the mediator of a new covenant, so that those who are called may receive the eternal inheritance he has promised, since he died to set them free from the violations committed under the first covenant. 16 For where there is a will, the death of the one who made it must be proven. 17 For a will takes effect only at death, since it carries no force while the one who made it is alive. 18 So even the first covenant was inaugurated with blood. 19 For when Moses had spoken every command to all the people according to the law, he took the blood of calves and goats with water and scarlet wool and hyssop and sprinkled both the book itself and all the people, 20 and said, “This is the blood of the covenant that God has commanded you to keep.”⁠ 21 And both the tabernacle and all the utensils of worship he likewise sprinkled with blood. 22 Indeed according to the law almost everything was purified with blood, and without the shedding of blood there is no forgiveness. 23 So it was necessary for the sketches of the things in heaven to be purified with these sacrifices, but the heavenly things themselves required better sacrifices than these. 24 For Christ did not enter a sanctuary made with hands—the representation of the true sanctuary—but into heaven itself, and he appears now in God’s presence for us. 25 And he did not enter to offer himself again and again, the way the high priest enters the sanctuary year after year with blood that is not his own,⁠ 26 for then he would have had to suffer again and again since the foundation of the world. But now he has appeared once for all at the consummation of the ages to put away sin by his sacrifice. 27 And just as people are appointed to die once, and then to face judgment, 28 so also, after Christ was offered once to bear the sins of many, to those who eagerly await him he will appear a second time, not to bear sin but to bring salvation.

Texts in conversation

Compare Testament of Levi 18:9 and Hebrews 9:26

Pseudepigrapha, Testaments · New Testament

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Summary

Hebrews describes Jesus as the final priest whose offering brings an end to sin, an idea also found in the Testament of Levi, which describes a future priest who ends sin and injustice and brings peace.

Passages

Testament of Levi 18:9

Pseudepigrapha, Testaments · Testament of the Twelve Patriarchs
9 And the glory of the Most High will be proclaimed over him, and the spirit of understanding and sanctification will rest on him in the water. 10 For he will give the majesty of the Lord to His children in truth forever; and none will succeed him for all generations ever. 11 And in his priesthood the Gentiles will be multiplied in knowledge on the earth, and enlightened by the grace of the Lord. In his priesthood, sin will come to an end, and the lawless will cease to do evil. 12 And the just will rest in him. And he will open the gates of paradise, and will remove the threatening sword against Adam. 13 And he will give to the saints to eat from the tree of life, and the spirit of holiness will be upon them. 14 And Beliar will be bound by him, and he will give power to His children to trample upon the evil spirits. 15 And the Lord will rejoice in His children, and be well pleased in His beloved ones forever.
100 BCE – 100 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in the Testament of Levi

Hebrews 9:26

New Testament
24 For Christ did not enter a sanctuary made with hands—the representation of the true sanctuary—but into heaven itself, and he appears now in God’s presence for us. 25 And he did not enter to offer himself again and again, the way the high priest enters the sanctuary year after year with blood that is not his own, 26 for then he would have had to suffer again and again since the foundation of the world. But now he has appeared once for all at the consummation of the ages to put away sin by his sacrifice. 27 And just as people are appointed to die once, and then to face judgment, 28 so also, after Christ was offered once to bear the sins of many, to those who eagerly await him he will appear a second time, not to bear sin but to bring salvation.
80–90 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Hebrews

References

"... Hebrews follows a common Christian tradition in declaring that Jesus was 'without sin' (4:15), 'holy, blameless, undefiled, separated from sinners' (7:26), who 'offered himself without blemish to God' (9:14). Hebrews' idea of Jesus' sinlessness was not derived in any simple way from current views of priesthood or messianic expectation, although it was compatible with such ideas. The messianic 'Branch' of David was to be righteous (Jeremiah 23:5-6; 33:15-16; Isaiah 9:7; 11:1-5), and the Messiah was to 'be clean of sin' (Psalms of Solomon 17:36) and to oppose sin and unrighteousness (17:22-32; compare Hebrews 1:8-9). Priests were expected, not to be sinless, but to minister in a state of purity. Some anticipated an eschatological priest who would make sin to cease (CD XII, 23; Testament of Levi 18:9), and Philo spoke of the Logos as a priest, 'immune from all unrighteousness.' None of these sources, however, portrays sinlessness as obedience in suffering, as does Hebrews ..."
Craig R. Koester, Hebrews: A New Translation with Introduction and Commentary (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2010), 294.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Testament of Levi 18:9 and Hebrews 9:26

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