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Hebrews

About this book
Chapter 10

1 For the law possesses a shadow of the good things to come but not the reality itself, and is therefore completely unable, by the same sacrifices offered continually, year after year, to perfect those who come to worship. 2 For otherwise would they not have ceased to be offered, since the worshipers would have been purified once for all and so have no further consciousness of sin? 3 But in those sacrifices there is a reminder of sins year after year. 4 For it is impossible for the blood of bulls and goats to take away sins. 5 So when he came into the world, he said, “Sacrifice and offering you did not desire, but a body you prepared for me.⁠ 6 Whole burnt offerings and sin-offerings you took no delight in. 7 Then I said, ‘Here I am: I have come—it is written of me in the scroll of the book—to do your will, O God.’” 8 When he says above, “Sacrifices and offerings and whole burnt offerings and sin-offerings you did not desire nor did you take delight in them” (which are offered according to the law), 9 then he says, “Here I am: I have come to do your will.” He does away with the first to establish the second. 10 By his will we have been made holy through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ once for all. 11 And every priest stands day after day serving and offering the same sacrifices again and again—sacrifices that can never take away sins.⁠ 12 But when this priest had offered one sacrifice for sins for all time, he sat down at the right hand of God, 13 where he is now waiting until his enemies are made a footstool for his feet. 14 For by one offering he has perfected for all time those who are made holy. 15 And the Holy Spirit also witnesses to us, for after saying, 16 “This is the covenant that I will establish with them after those days, says the Lord. I will put my laws on their hearts and I will inscribe them on their minds,” 17 then he says, “Their sins and their lawless deeds I will remember no longer.” 18 Now where there is forgiveness of these, there is no longer any offering for sin. 19 Therefore, brothers and sisters, since we have confidence to enter the sanctuary by the blood of Jesus, 20 by the fresh and living way that he inaugurated for us through the curtain, that is, through his flesh, 21 and since we have a great priest over the house of God, 22 let us draw near with a sincere heart in the assurance that faith brings, because we have had our hearts sprinkled clean from an evil conscience and our bodies washed in pure water. 23 And let us hold unwaveringly to the hope that we confess, for the one who made the promise is trustworthy.⁠ 24 And let us take thought of how to spur one another on to love and good works,⁠ 25 not abandoning our own meetings, as some are in the habit of doing, but encouraging each other, and even more so because you see the day drawing near. 26 For if we deliberately keep on sinning after receiving the knowledge of the truth, no further sacrifice for sins is left for us, 27 but only a certain fearful expectation of judgment and a fury of fire that will consume God’s enemies. 28 Someone who rejected the law of Moses was put to death without mercy on the testimony of two or three witnesses.⁠ 29 How much greater punishment do you think that person deserves who has contempt for the Son of God, and profanes the blood of the covenant that made him holy, and insults the Spirit of grace? 30 For we know the one who said, “Vengeance is mine, I will repay,” and again, “The Lord will judge his people.”⁠ 31 It is a terrifying thing to fall into the hands of the living God. 32 But remember the former days when you endured a harsh conflict of suffering after you were enlightened. 33 At times you were publicly exposed to abuse and afflictions, and at other times you came to share with others who were treated in that way. 34 For in fact you shared the sufferings of those in prison, and you accepted the confiscation of your belongings with joy, because you knew that you certainly had a better and lasting possession. 35 So do not throw away your confidence, because it has great reward. 36 For you need endurance in order to do God’s will and so receive what is promised. 37 For just a little longer and he who is coming will arrive and not delay.⁠ 38 But my righteous one will live by faith, and if he shrinks back, I take no pleasure in him. 39 But we are not among those who shrink back and thus perish, but are among those who have faith and preserve their souls.

Texts in conversation

Compare LXX Habakkuk 2:3 and Hebrews 10:37

Septuagint · New Testament

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Summary

Hebrews quotes Habakkuk to assure that what seems delayed will come, urging endurance and patience. Habakkuk used this language to describe a message waiting for its appointed time, while Hebrews uses it to emphasize the certainty of future vindication.

Passages

LXX Habakkuk 2:3

Septuagint
1 I will stand upon my watch, and mount upon the rock, and watch to see what he will say by me, and what I shall answer when I am reproved. 2 And the Lord answered me and said, Write the vision, and that plainly on a tablet, that he that reads it may run. 3 For the vision is yet for a time, and it shall shoot forth at the end, and not in vain: though he should wait, wait for him; for he that is coming will come, and will not wait. 4 If he should draw back, my soul has no pleasure in him: but the just shall live by my faith. 5 But the arrogant man and the scorner, the boastful man, shall not finish anything; who has enlarged his desire as the grave, and like death he is never satisfied, and he will gather to himself all the nations, and will receive to himself all the peoples.
100–1 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in LXX Habakkuk

Hebrews 10:37

New Testament
35 So do not throw away your confidence, because it has great reward. 36 For you need endurance in order to do God’s will and so receive what is promised. 37 For just a little longer and he who is coming will arrive and not delay. 38 But my righteous one will live by faith, and if he shrinks back, I take no pleasure in him. 39 But we are not among those who shrink back and thus perish, but are among those who have faith and preserve their souls.
80–90 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Hebrews

References

"... The fifth instance of gezerah shawah occurs in Hebrews 10:6–7 in conjunction with Hebrews 10:37–38 (Guthrie 1994: 141). This occurrence is somewhat unique in that it uses two key-words to create a literary transition. Guthrie notes that the present tense “I am coming” in Hebrews 10:7 parallels the future tense “I will come” in Hebrews 10:37, and the aorist tense “had no pleasure” in Hebrews 10:6 parallels the present tense “is having no pleasure” in Hebrews 10:38 (1994: 141). The references are as follows: Hebrews 10:7 quotes Psalm 40:7 (Psalm 39:8 LXX) and Hebrews 10:37–38 quotes Habakkuk 2:3–4. The quotation of Psalm 39:7 in Hebrews 10:6 is another case where a word is quoted differently from the Septuagint to the epistle. However, the difference in meaning is only slight: “desire” in Hebrews 10:6 vs. “demand” in Psalm 39:7. Variants within the copies of Septuagint are also possible as Ellingworth notes (501) ..."
David H. Wenkel, “Gezerah Shawah as Analogy in the Epistle to the Hebrews,” BTB 37.2 (2007): 62–68.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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LXX Habakkuk 2:3 and Hebrews 10:37

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