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Habakkuk

About this book
Chapter 2

1 I will stand at my watch post; I will remain stationed on the city wall.⁠ I will keep watching so I can see what he says to me and can know how I should answer when he counters my argument. 2 The Lord responded: “Write down this message. Record it legibly on tablets so the one who announces it may read it easily.⁠ 3 For the message is a witness to what is decreed; it gives reliable testimony about how matters will turn out. Even if the message is not fulfilled right away, wait patiently; for it will certainly come to pass—it⁠ will not arrive late.⁠ 4 Look, the one whose desires are not upright will faint from exhaustion, but the person of integrity will live because of his faithfulness.⁠ 5 Indeed, wine will betray the proud, restless man! His appetite is as big as Sheol’s; like death, he is never satisfied. He gathers all the nations; he seizes all peoples.⁠ 6 “But all these nations will someday taunt him and ridicule him with proverbial sayings: ‘Woe to the one who accumulates what does not belong to him (how long will this go on?)—he who gets rich by extortion!’ 7 Your creditors will suddenly attack; those who terrify you will spring into action, and they will rob you. 8 Because you robbed many countries, all who are left among the nations will rob you.⁠ You have shed human blood and committed violent acts against lands, cities, and those who live in them. 9 “The one who builds his house by unjust gain is as good as dead. He does this so he can build his nest way up high and escape the clutches of disaster. 10 Your schemes will bring shame to your house. Because you destroyed many nations, you will self-destruct. 11 For the stones in the walls will cry out, and the wooden rafters will answer back. 12 “Woe to the one who builds a city by bloodshed—he who starts a town by unjust deeds.⁠ 13 Be sure of this! The Lord of Heaven’s Armies has decreed: The nations’ efforts will go up in smoke;⁠ their exhausting work will be for nothing. 14 For recognition of the Lord’s sovereign majesty will fill the earth just as the waters fill up the sea.⁠ 15 “Woe to you who force your neighbor to drink wine—you who make others intoxicated by forcing them to drink from the bowl of your furious anger so you can look at their naked bodies.⁠ 16 But you will become drunk with shame, not majesty. Now it is your turn to drink and expose your uncircumcised foreskin!⁠ The cup of wine in the Lord’s right hand is coming to you, and disgrace will replace your majestic glory!⁠ 17 For you will pay in full for your violent acts against Lebanon; terrifying judgment will come upon you because of the way you destroyed the wild animals living there. You have shed human blood and committed violent acts against lands, cities, and those who live in them. 18 What good is an idol? Why would a craftsman make it? What good is a metal image that gives misleading oracles? Why would its creator place his trust in it and make such mute, worthless things? 19 Woe to the one who says to wood, ‘Wake up!’—he who says to speechless stone, ‘Awake!’ Can it give reliable guidance? It is overlaid with gold and silver; it has no life’s breath inside it. 20 But the Lord is in his majestic palace. The whole earth is speechless in his presence!”

Texts in conversation

Compare Habakkuk 2:16 and Psalm 75:8

Hebrew Bible

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Summary

Habakkuk and Psalm 75 both use the image of a cup of wine held in God’s hand to symbolize judgment. In Psalm 75 the nations drink from the cup, while Habakkuk describes the Babylonians becoming drunk and exposed after forcing others to drink.

Passages

Habakkuk 2:16

Hebrew Bible
14 For recognition of the Lord’s sovereign majesty will fill the earth just as the waters fill up the sea. 15 “Woe to you who force your neighbor to drink wine—you who make others intoxicated by forcing them to drink from the bowl of your furious anger so you can look at their naked bodies. 16 But you will become drunk with shame, not majesty. Now it is your turn to drink and expose your uncircumcised foreskin! The cup of wine in the Lord’s right hand is coming to you, and disgrace will replace your majestic glory! 17 For you will pay in full for your violent acts against Lebanon; terrifying judgment will come upon you because of the way you destroyed the wild animals living there. You have shed human blood and committed violent acts against lands, cities, and those who live in them. 18 What good is an idol? Why would a craftsman make it? What good is a metal image that gives misleading oracles? Why would its creator place his trust in it and make such mute, worthless things?
600–501 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Habakkuk

Psalm 75:8

Hebrew Bible
6 For victory does not come from the east or west, or from the wilderness. 7 For God is the judge. He brings one down and exalts another. 8 For the Lord holds in his hand a cup full of foaming wine mixed with spices, and pours it out. Surely all the wicked of the earth will slurp it up and drink it to its very last drop.” 9 As for me, I will continually tell what you have done; I will sing praises to the God of Jacob. 10 God says, “I will bring down all the power of the wicked; the godly will be victorious.”
600–201 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Psalms

References

"... The second strophe continues the imagery of drinking, but this time it is the Chaldeans who are forced to drink from the cup of wrath from God, 'You are sated with dishonor rather than glory. Drink! Even you, and be counted uncircumcised. The cup of the right hand of the Lord will turn upon you, and emetic shame will be upon your glory.' This strophe gives a vivid description of the notorious Babylonian drinking party whereby participants often get drunk and expose themselves. This description also gives an ironic twist: the oppressor, who makes others drunk and gazes at their nakedness, is in turn getting drunk and being exposed as uncircumcised. And the cup they are drinking from is the one that comes from the Lord. 'The cup,' especially when it comes from the Lord, usually symbolizes divine judgment (e.g., Psalm 75:8; Isaiah 51:17, 22; Jeremiah 25:15; 51:7; Lamentations 4:21; Ezekiel 23:32-33). The cup is often described as containing 'wine of wrath' (Jeremiah 25:15), which passes around the nations (Jeremiah 25:15; 49:12), and whoever drinks of it would 'stagger' (Isaiah 51:17-22; compare Jeremiah 25:15), 'go mad' (Jeremiah 51:7), and 'be naked' (Lamentations 4:21) ..."
Grace Ko, Theodicy in Habakkuk (University of St. Michael's College, 2009), 107–108.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Habakkuk 2:16 and Psalm 75:8

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