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Habakkuk

About this book
Chapter 2

1 I will stand at my watch post; I will remain stationed on the city wall.⁠ I will keep watching so I can see what he says to me and can know how I should answer when he counters my argument. 2 The Lord responded: “Write down this message. Record it legibly on tablets so the one who announces it may read it easily.⁠ 3 For the message is a witness to what is decreed; it gives reliable testimony about how matters will turn out. Even if the message is not fulfilled right away, wait patiently; for it will certainly come to pass—it⁠ will not arrive late.⁠ 4 Look, the one whose desires are not upright will faint from exhaustion, but the person of integrity will live because of his faithfulness.⁠ 5 Indeed, wine will betray the proud, restless man! His appetite is as big as Sheol’s; like death, he is never satisfied. He gathers all the nations; he seizes all peoples.⁠ 6 “But all these nations will someday taunt him and ridicule him with proverbial sayings: ‘Woe to the one who accumulates what does not belong to him (how long will this go on?)—he who gets rich by extortion!’ 7 Your creditors will suddenly attack; those who terrify you will spring into action, and they will rob you. 8 Because you robbed many countries, all who are left among the nations will rob you.⁠ You have shed human blood and committed violent acts against lands, cities, and those who live in them. 9 “The one who builds his house by unjust gain is as good as dead. He does this so he can build his nest way up high and escape the clutches of disaster. 10 Your schemes will bring shame to your house. Because you destroyed many nations, you will self-destruct. 11 For the stones in the walls will cry out, and the wooden rafters will answer back. 12 “Woe to the one who builds a city by bloodshed—he who starts a town by unjust deeds.⁠ 13 Be sure of this! The Lord of Heaven’s Armies has decreed: The nations’ efforts will go up in smoke;⁠ their exhausting work will be for nothing. 14 For recognition of the Lord’s sovereign majesty will fill the earth just as the waters fill up the sea.⁠ 15 “Woe to you who force your neighbor to drink wine—you who make others intoxicated by forcing them to drink from the bowl of your furious anger so you can look at their naked bodies.⁠ 16 But you will become drunk with shame, not majesty. Now it is your turn to drink and expose your uncircumcised foreskin!⁠ The cup of wine in the Lord’s right hand is coming to you, and disgrace will replace your majestic glory!⁠ 17 For you will pay in full for your violent acts against Lebanon; terrifying judgment will come upon you because of the way you destroyed the wild animals living there. You have shed human blood and committed violent acts against lands, cities, and those who live in them. 18 What good is an idol? Why would a craftsman make it? What good is a metal image that gives misleading oracles? Why would its creator place his trust in it and make such mute, worthless things? 19 Woe to the one who says to wood, ‘Wake up!’—he who says to speechless stone, ‘Awake!’ Can it give reliable guidance? It is overlaid with gold and silver; it has no life’s breath inside it. 20 But the Lord is in his majestic palace. The whole earth is speechless in his presence!”

Texts in conversation

Compare Habakkuk 2:16 and LXX Habakkuk 2:16

Hebrew Bible · Septuagint

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Summary

The Hebrew version of Habakkuk taunts the drunken oppressor, telling him to drink and expose himself in shame. The Greek Septuagint reads the letters in a different order, so the exposure becomes staggering, matching the picture of a stumbling drunkard.

Passages

Habakkuk 2:16

Hebrew Bible
15 “Woe to you who force your neighbor to drink wine—you who make others intoxicated by forcing them to drink from the bowl of your furious anger so you can look at their naked bodies. 16 But you will become drunk with shame, not majesty. Now it is your turn to drink and expose your uncircumcised foreskin! The cup of wine in the Lord’s right hand is coming to you, and disgrace will replace your majestic glory! 17 For you will pay in full for your violent acts against Lebanon; terrifying judgment will come upon you because of the way you destroyed the wild animals living there. You have shed human blood and committed violent acts against lands, cities, and those who live in them.
600–501 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Habakkuk

LXX Habakkuk 2:16

Septuagint
15 Woe to him that gives his neighbor to drink the thick lees of wine, and intoxicates him, that he may look upon their secret parts. 16 Drink also your fill of disgrace instead of glory: shake, and quake, the cup of the right hand of the Lord has come round upon you, and dishonor has gathered upon your glory. 17 For the ungodliness of Lebanon shall cover you, and distress because of wild beasts shall dismay you, because of the blood of men, and the sins of the land and city, and of all that dwell in it.
100–1 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in LXX Habakkuk

References

... This is a well-known example. The citation of Habakkuk 2:16 in the Habakkuk Pesher (1QpHab) 11.9 reads והרעל ('and stagger'). This reading is supported by the double reading of Habakkuk 2:16 in the Old Greek, καὶ διασαλεύθητι καὶ σείσθητι ('shudder and tremble') against the Masoretic Text והערל ('be uncircumcised') (niphal imperative of ערל). The pesher following the citation continues: כיא לוא מל את עורלת לבו ('for he did not circumcise the foreskin of his heart'). The pesherist was apparently aware that two sense contours characterize this passage, one referring to 'staggering' and another to 'being uncircumcised'. In this case, as in others, distinct sense contours derive from the same semantic unit (ערל – רעל). ...
Jonathan D. H. Norton, Contours in the Text: Textual Variation in the Writings of Paul, Josephus, and the Yaḥad (London: T&T Clark International, 2011), 83.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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